Digital Forensics in the Criminal Justice System Essay - 4

Digital Forensics in the Criminal Justice System - Essay Example The paper looks at the work area with the discussion of the digital and non-digital items in Mr. Yourprop’s former Company work area. For the company to achieve its objectives, the work area items should support the working condition of the workers in the company. Before searching for Mr. Yourprop’s former Company work area, the searcher should first get the authority to enter into the premises. The searcher should first seek the permission of the owner of the company. This allows the owner to have the full confidence of the person who is searching the company. During the documentation of the authority, the researcher should ensure that he/she has created trust in the mind of the owner. He/she should show evidence of authentication and certificate for searching. He/she show a permit of search from a registered company by law or an authority letter from a government agency. Having all this is one of the means of getting trust from the company on search. The letter should be signed and stamped by a person in authority showing authentic measures (McNurlin, Sprague & Bui, 1989). On the side of the company being searched, the officials there or the CEO should accept the request for being searched. The CEO should consider search after finding that the searcher is authorized from a recognised office. He/she should sign the letter and keep a photocopy or a scanned copy of the letter. In the photo of Mr. Yourprop’s work area, there are three main digital items evidence. These are; Desktop and Laptop, Digital Voice Recorder and USB flash disk. In the laptop and the desktop, the memory storage may hold a lot of information. The information could be ranging from financial information, human information, accounts, quality and standard with other more information. This information help the search work of search. The Second item is the voice recorder. The voice recorder will help to get any voice recorded in a meeting or the office. Lastly, the USB flash disk also

Panama Canal Essay Example for Free

Panama Canal Essay The topic that will be researched and analyzed in the following essay has to do with the Imperialist Era in the United States. The question is: â€Å"To what extend did the Panama Canal lead to our success as Imperialists? † The aspects I will be researching are the history of the Panama Canal, the problems related to it, and the consequences that lead to our success as Imperialists. In general, my method of investigation was a bibliographical research, based on information found in books and on the internet. As resources I used both primary and secondary sources. First, I have a database article from Texas Digital Library, and secondly I used an IB Diploma Programme Book called â€Å"History of the Americans† published by the Oxford University and written by Y. Berliner, T. Leppard, A. Mamaux, M. D. Rogers and D. Smith. Also, I based my essay on a book from a historian called Kenneth C. Davis. The book’s name is â€Å"Don’t know much about History†, and it was a New York Times bestseller. Furthermore, I used another article by an historian called Sarah Jane Gilbert. The article has the title â€Å"Panama Canal: Troubled History, Astounding Turnaround†. The primary source I found was a letter from President Roosevelt to the Senate and House of Representatives that is called â€Å"Message to Congress after Returning from the Canal Zone in Panama†. The idea for the Panama Canal was very old, almost since Balboa stood on the cliffs of Darien in modern Panama. In fact, in 1880 a French group led by Ferdinand de Lesseps put together a company with the capital of thousands of investors to build a canal across the Isthmus of Panama, back then still part of Colombia. But corruption, miserable engineering plans and the harsh realities of the Central American jungle with its rainy season floods, earthquakes, yellow fever and malaria doomed de Lesseps’ effort. After thousands of deaths and a little excavating, the French company had to abandon the jungle and left all the equipment behind. However, since there was some trouble with Cuba, the navy had to be sent from the Pacific Ocean to the Atlantic. The ship took 2 month to finally arrive and fight against Cuba. But that was taking way too long. In 1903, Theodore Roosevelt then decided to give the canal a second chance. After taking the decision of continuing the French canal and not building a new one in Nicaragua, the United States had purchased the rights to build the canal. Nevertheless, the territory also needed to be bought. Since Panama had been under the control of Colombia, the US Secretary of State John Hay negotiated that the US would lease the land for 100 years, pay $10 million for the lease and $250,000 a year for the duration of the lease. But the Colombian government rejected this offer. Since Roosevelt was known for his big stick policy, he helped the Panamanians revolutionize and also sent weapons and the US Navy to Panama. Shortly after the establishment of a new country, the initial offer had been accepted, and after the purchasing of the French equipment for $40 million, the digging could begin. Roosevelt himself wrote to the Senate and House of Representatives, that the Canal was making a good process. He let them know that people there were happy, and that there was a lot of advancement going on. Furthermore, the people in panama would be really nice, and that he was welcomed warmly. The historian Sarah Jane Gilbert wrote in an e-mail interview that the United States used military force and the threat of military force against Colombia (to detach Panama from Colombia) and against the new Panamanian government (to get a better deal for the Panama Canal). American warships prevented Colombia from responding to Panamas declaration of independence. The new government then appointed the head counsel of the French company as their foreign minister (he was not Panamanian and in fact lived in New York). The lawyer drafted a treaty that gave Panama a far lower share of the canal revenues than the United States could have received in a fair negotiation. When the new government balked at the treaty, Secretary of State J. Hay warned of grave consequences and threatened to send the Navy. The Panamanians soon capitulated. When writing an essay based on sources instead of doing an actual research, it is highly important to be critical about the sources one uses. One also has think about their accuracy, because one cannot always trust them a 100%. The first source I will analyze is the letter from Roosevelt. The origin is Roosevelt himself. He sent it to the Senate and House of Representatives. From there it had been taken and finally also typed up, so that an electronic version was available for everyone who wants to use or take a look at it. The purpose of the letter was to show them how great everything in Panama was going, and that people were fairly happy. The value is high, because it is from the President himself. But of course, he also wanted to show the Senate and House of Representatives how great everything was, and we can be sure that there are limits in terms of the accuracy. Earlier the day it was much easier for politicians to lie about a situation that took place far away from their homes, since nothing could be verified. Since Panama is located in the Tropics, the Climate with its rainy season, diseases, mosquitos and wild animals are very unpleasant. From a logic point of view we could say, that Roosevelt’s letter cannot be completely true at all. The second source I will analyze is the e-mail interview between the historian Sarah Jane Gilbert and the Harvard Business School. The origin is the website of the Harvard Business School. They sent e-mails with questions to the historian, and on that way they could interview her and published her responses. The purpose is to get some information from a historian, who wrote a book about this topic and knows a lot about it. That also means that the value is high, because she is an expert. But as far as limitations are concerned, we cannot be sure that everything she really said had been published. Eventually, some of the information had been rewritten. Also, S. J. Gilbert was not present during the construction process of the Panama Canal. She had to base her answers and her knowledge on other sources. Those might also be biased. Furthermore, we tend to give some part of an event more attention than we would give others. That’s why we cannot get a completely objective answer from any historian. The Panama Canal helped us very much as Imperialists. On one side, we increased the security because our Navy needs less time to get from one Ocean to the other one, but on the other side their reach is larger since they save fuel. Also, the Panama Canal increased our national income by 4%, since other ships also use it. Furthermore, our commercial ships can ship their goods at higher rates because they do not have to pass around the Cape Horn. However, we can be sure that all the history and consequences are aspects related to imperialism. The reason of that is because we used military and economic force to make an independent nation out of Panama and then used it for our own purposes. If we think about it, that is exactly what Imperialism is about. â€Å"The seizure of a country or territory by a stronger country† is the definition, and it applies to what happened. However, the canal did not directly make us imperialists, but helped us a lot, because we could control the Atlantic Ocean and take control of Caribbean islands. Our Navy controlled a big part of American continent. However, after some time, the canal became so expensive that is was not worth it keeping it under our command, so we gave it to the Panamanians, who control this piece of history at the moment. Due to the analysis of several sources, and the interpretation of them, I have found out that the Panama Canal did help us being imperialists. But it also helped us to continue being imperialists and also guard America. The liberation of the Panama and the creation of the Panama Canal were both acts of economic and military imperialism. Without the Panama Canal we would have been in quite some trouble, and also still would be in it today, since even right now it is actively being used by ships standing in rows to pass through it. Even if the most captains of those ships do not know much about the canal, they will always be grateful for the creation of it.

Gloria Naylors Mama Day Essay -- Gloria Naylor Mama Day Essays

Gloria Naylor's Mama Day George and Ophelia grow up in significantly different environments with exposure to vastly dissimilar experiences; their diverse backgrounds have a profound impact on the way they interpret and react to situations as adults. George and Ophelia both grow up without their parents, but for different reasons. George grows up at the Wallace P. Andrews Shelter for Boys in New York. The Shelter’s strict surroundings did not provide the warm and inviting atmosphere that a mother strives for in a home. The employees at the Shelter are not â€Å"loving people,† (p. 23) but they are devoted to their job, and the boys. At a young age, Ophelia loses her mother. We learn very little about her apparently absent father. Mama Day and Abigail raise Ophelia. Abigail provides a source of comfort and love for Ophelia as she fulfills the role of mother figure. Mama day, Ophelia’s great aunt, acts more as a father figure. â€Å"If Grandma had been there, she would ha ve held me when I broke down and cry. Mama Day only said that for a long time there would be something to bring on tears aplenty.† (p. 304). Ophelia grows up on the small island of Willow Springs. Everyone knows each other and their business, in the laid-back island community. The border between Georgia and South Carolina splits down the middle of the island. Instead of seeing any advantage to belonging to either state, the townspeople would prefer to operate independently. For George and Ophelia, the differences in their backgrounds will have a tremendous impact on many facets of their adult lives. George and Ophelia interpret their chance meetings based on their backgrounds. George grows up with the words â€Å"only the present has potent... ...with the flow of things. She took care of her belongings, but she did not manage them in an exact manner. She did not understand why he was so angry about a fraction of an inch. George and Ophelia accept their differences and enjoy their years together. No doubt, they had to learn how to react to each other. The incident with the make-up could have ended in bitterness, but Ophelia realized that George said his comments for her benefit, not to hurt her. We all have to learn from the interactions that take place in our youth. As adults, we can choose to continue those same methods of interacting and reacting or we can learn to modify our exchanges and reactions in order to get along with the new people in our life. Just as George and Ophelia, we cannot escape the influence of the personalities and environment of our youth, but we can learn from it.

Pentium history and specifications

Pentium Intel released its original Pentium Processor, also known as the Pentium 1, on March 22, 1993. The Pentium 1 replaced the Inte1486 as Intel's mainstream microprocessor for personal computing applications. While the Pentium 1 processors were specifically designed for use in desktop computers, later members of the Pentium family could accommodate laptops and other mobile devices. Reviewing some of the Pentium 1 ‘s specifications can help you better understand the microprocessor's capabilities.The name Pentium is originally derived from the Greek word pente (Tl†°vtE), meaning five† (as the original Pentium processors used Intel's fifth-generation microarchitecture, the PS), and the Latin ending -ium. The current Pentium processors only share the name but are in fact based on the same processor chips that are used in the Intel Core but are typically used with a lower clock frequency, a partially disabled L3 cache and some of the advanced features such as hyper- t hreading and virtualization disabled.History The original Pentium branded CPUs were expected to be named 586 or 1586, to follow he naming convention of previous generations (286, 1386, 1486). However, as the company wanted to prevent their competitors from branding their processors with similar names (as AMD had done with their Am486), Intel attempted to file a trademark on the name in the United States, only to be denied because a series of numbers was not considered distinct. [3] Following Intel's previous series of 8086, 80186, 80286, 80386, and 80486 microprocessors, the company's first PS-based microprocessor was released as the original Intel Pentium on March 22, 1993.Marketing firm Lexicon Branding was hired to coin a name for the new processor. The suffix -ium was chosen as it could connote a fundamental ingredient of a computer, like a chemical element,[4] while the prefix pent- could refer to the fifth generation of x86. [3] Due to its success, the Pentium brand would cont inue through several generations of high-end processors. In 2006, the name briefly disappeared from Intel's roadmaps,[5][6] only to re-emerge in 2007. [7] In 1998, Intel introduced the Celeron[8] brand for low-priced microprocessors.With the 2006 introduction of the Intel Core brand as the company's new flagship line of processors, the Pentium series was to be discontinued. However, due to a demand for mid-range dual-core processors, the Pentium brand was re-purposed to be Intel's mid-range processor series, in between the Celeron and Core series, continuing with the Pentium Dual- Core line. [9][10][11] In 2009, the â€Å"Dual-core† suffix was dropped, and new x86 microprocessors started carrying the plain Pentium name again. Specs clock SpeedThe original Intel Pentium 1 Processor could operate with a clock speed of either 66 MHZ or 60 MHZ. Bus speed refers to the speed at which a microprocessor's front-side bus or FSB can transmit data simultaneously. An FSB is the digital p athway that connects a microprocessor to the other components comprising a computer's motherboard. The higher a microprocessor's bus speed, the faster it can communicate with the rest of a computer system. The original, 1993 Intel Pentium 1 Processor could provide bus speeds of 66 MHz and 60 MHz, while the 1994 Pentium 1 could provide bus speeds of 6 MHZ, 60 MHZ and 50 MHZ.Manufacturing Process Intel manufactured the original Intel Pentium 1 Processor using an 0. 8-micron, bipolar complementary metal oxide semiconductor or BiCMOS circuit. This circuit integrates bipolar and CMOS transistors, allowing the Pentium 1 to perform faster and with more processing power than it could if using one type of transistor over the other. The later, 1994 version of the Pentium 1 also used BiCMOS technology. However, the size of this microprocessor's BiCMOS circuit was smaller, at either 0. or 0. 35 microns depending on the specific model.Transistor Count The original Intel Pentium 1 Processor has a transistor count of 3. 1 million, while the 1994 version had a transistor count of 3. 3 million. The number of transistors a microprocessor has correlates positively to how complex that microprocessor's integrated circuit is. A higher degree of circuit complexity translates to a higher processing performance. Storage Specs Both the original and 1994 Pentium 1 processors had Level 1 cache storage capacities f 8kB and addressable memory storage capacities of 46B.Also known as the primary cache, the Ll cache is a small, integrated storage location that a microprocessor can use to store and rapidly-access commonly-accessed data. Storing data in an Ll cache increases processing time by eliminating the need for the microprocessor to communicate directly with a computer's primary memory. Addressable memory, instead of making copies of actual data like an Ll cache, searches for data in a computer's primary memory and then makes copies of that data's location.

Brand and Dairy Milk

The story of Cadbury Dairy Milk started way back in 1905 at Bournville, U. K. , but the journey with chocolate lovers in India began in 1948. Currently Cadbury India operates in five categories, which are Chocolate Confectionery, Milk Food Drinks, Candy, Gum and Snacks category. In the Chocolate Confectionery business, Cadbury has maintained its undisputed leadership over the years. Some of the key brands are Cadbury Dairy Milk, 5 Star, Perk, Éclairs, Celebrations, Temptations and Gems. Cadbury enjoys a value market share of over 70% – the highest Cadbury brand share in the world!Their flagship brand Cadbury Dairy Milk is considered the â€Å"gold standard† for chocolates in India. The pure taste of CDM defines the chocolate taste for the Indian consumer. Earlier Cadbury Dairy Milk had positioned itself as a chocolate for kids . Later it was repositioned as a chocolate meant for all age groups emphasizing on the children hidden in us. The model that we have used is Customer Based Brand Equity Model and with the help of this model we have analyzed that how Cadbury Dairy milk has evolved since years and its perception has changed in the minds of consumer overtime.Cadbury Dairy Milk has done this perception evolving process with the help of aggressive advertising and they have been very successful in achieving their target.COMPANY OVERVIEW HISTORY (CADBURY)In 1824, John Cadbury opened a shop in Birmingham. This one-man business, trading mainly in Tea & Coffee was to be the foundation of Cadbury Limited. For over 100 years Cadbury was a family business. In 1943 non family directors were appointed. In 1847, the enterprise had prospered to a large factory in Bridge Street, Birmingham. John Cadbury took his brother Benjamin into partnership and the family business became Cadbury Brothers Birmingham.The business moved to Bourneville after outgrowing the Bridge Street Factory. The Workforce had risen up to 200 after 32 years at Bridge Street. After the death of two brothers in 1899, the company was privatized. It entered the era of scientific management; it introduced new ideas for their department like: Advertisement & Cost Analytical Laboratories Sales Department Offices Education & Training for Works Committee Medical Department employees On 2nd February, Kraft Foods took over 71% shares of Cadbury. They acquired it totally. But still Cadbury was on top in the market.This acquisition did not changed people’s mind and their craze for Cadbury Dairy Milk. Cadbury began its operation in 1948 by importing chocolates and then re-packing them before distributing it in the Indian market. After 62 years, it is having five companies at Thane, Induri (Pune), Malanpur (Gwalior), Bangalore, Baddi (Himachal Pradesh) and 4 sales offices in (New Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai). The corporate office is in Mumbai. The company’s main purpose is â€Å"Working together to create brands people love† capture the spirit of wh at we are trying to achieve as a business.We collaborate and work as team to convert products into brand. Simply, â€Å"we spread happiness†! Currently Cadbury India operates in three sectors viz. Chocolate Confectionery, Milk Food Drinks and in the Candy category. In the Chocolate Confectionery business, Cadbury has maintained its undisputed leadership over the years. Some of the key brands are Cadbury Dairy Milk, 5 Star, Perk, Éclairs and Celebrations. Cadbury enjoys a value market share of over 70% – the highest Cadbury brand share in the world! Cadbury is the â€Å"gold standard† for chocolates in India.The pure taste of CDM defines the chocolate taste for the Indian consumer. In the Milk Food drinks segment our main product is Bourn vita – the leading Malted Food Drink (MFD) in the country. Similarly in the medicated candy category Halls is the undisputed leader. The Cadbury India Brand Strategy has received consistent support through simple but imaginative extensions to product categories and distribution. A good example of this is the development of Bytes. Crispy wafers filled with coca cream in the form of a bagged snack, Bytes is positioned as â€Å"The new concept of sweet snacking†.It delivers the taste of chocolate in the form of a light snack, and thus heralds the entry of Cadbury India into the growing bagged Snack Market, which has been dominated until now by Salted Bagged Snack Brands. Byte was first launched in South India in 2003. Since 1965 Cadbury has also pioneered the development of cocoa cultivation in India. For over two decades, we have worked with the Kerala Agriculture University to undertake cocoa research and released clones, hybrids that improve the cocoa yield. Our Cocoa team visits farmers and advises them on the cultivation aspects from planting to harvesting.We also conduct farmers meetings & seminars to educate them on Cocoa cultivation aspects. Our efforts have increased cocoa productiv ity and touched the lives of thousands of farmers. Cadbury Milestones The Cadbury story is a fascinating study of industrial and social developments. From a one man business in 1824, Cadbury has grown to be one of the world's largest producers of chocolate. A small family business developed into an international company and the high standards of the Cadbury brothers were combined with the most sophisticated technology, skills and innovation.VisionThe governing objective for Cadbury India is to deliver Superior Shareholder value.Cadbury in every pocket.Sustain growth of Cadbury’s market through aggressive product development.Focusing on cost competitiveness & productivity in operations and innovative utilization of assets.Investing to develop people.Missionâ€Å"To provide customers with a tempting and exquisite taste† as enticing treats means a mouth watering treat which is simply irresistible.â€Å"Cadbury means quality† this is the promise of Cadbury. Its repu tation is to built upon quality.Its commitment to continuous improvement will ensure that promise.CADBURY PRODUCTSChocolateCadbury Dairy MilkCadbury CelebrationsBournville5 StarPerkGemsTobleroneBRAND ELEMENTSDairy Milk has been meticulously built around the world by Cadbury. It has been able to sustain a strong position in the market. There are many branding elements which have resulted into consistent result of its success. In India and across the world, the only chocolate wrapped in Purple with the logo of Cadbury written on it. Color of all other products of Cadbury like Gems which is so colorful.Packaging which introduces slight of milk splash shows the relation of milk with Cadbury. Insignia Logo which comes on the packaging in bold vintage Dairy font in white which also shows the relation of milk with the product. Logo Not only the above three, But there are many more elements due to which the consistent Branding of Dairy Milk is so very popular. Its different Advertisements, its punch lines etc†¦ It has always kept a strong association with Milk, with slogans such as â€Å"a glass and half of full cream milk in every half pound. And also advertisement which featured a glass of milk pouring out and forming the Dairy Milk bar.Also the ad campaigns are also the important element of Dairy Milk. It made chocolate an eating habit among the consumers, especially the adults. Long back it was a belief that chocolate is only for kids. But Dairy Milk changed this belief. Also they changed the trend of Sweets (Mithai) during the occasions like Diwali, New Year etc†¦ Dairy Milk brought a new trend that whether any occasion, Dairy Milk is best for all. Tolani It also gave some famous dialogues from the ads which people remember always.They were also the core brand elements of Dairy Milk. Let us see them below:The Real Taste of Life- A girl Dancing on Cricket FieldKhane walo ko Khane ka Bahana ChahiyeKuch Meetha Ho JayePappu Paas ho GayaAaj Pehli Tareekh Ha iShubh AarambhAll these above dialogues were form the very famous and popular ad’s of Dairy Milk. By this ad they wanted to covey to the people that for eating Dairy Milk they do not haveto wait for any occasion. They can just have it. Whether they are happy or Sad, But Dairy Milk can be taken in any of the mood.BRAND PORTFOLIOWorldwide In June 1905, Cadbury launched its first Dairy Milk bar, with a higher proportion of milk and it became the best selling product of the company by 1913. Fruit and Nut was introduced in 1928. In 2003, Cadbury made Dairy Milk into a family brand by taking the brands like Caramel, Whole Nut, and Wispa and marketed them as the sub-brands of Dairy Milk. By2006, there were 15 Dairy Milk sub-brands produced in UK including Shortcake Biscuit, Wafer, Orange Chips, Mint Chips, Crispies and Cream Egg. In following two years these brands were discontinued as they were not successful.Indian Market The Dairy Milk Brand alone accounts for approximately 33% o f total Cadbury’s sales. It has made Cadbury the number one confectionery brand in the market. Currently in India, Dairy Milk has following sub-brands under its name.BRAND POSITIONING AND REPOSITIONINGCadbury Dairy Milk has been the market leader in the chocolate category for years and has participated and been a part of every Indian's moments of happiness, joy and celebration. Today, Cadbury Dairy Milk alone holds 30% value share of the Indian chocolate market. In the early 90's, chocolates were seen as ‘meant for kids', usually a reward or a bribe for children.In the Mid 90's the category was re-defined by the very popular `Real Taste of Life' campaign, shifting the focus from `just for kids' to the `kid in all of us'. It appealed to the child in every adult and Cadbury Dairy Milk became the perfect expression of ‘spontaneity' and ‘shared good feelings'. The ‘Real Taste of Life' campaign had many memorable executions, which people still fondly rememb er. However, the one with the â€Å"girl dancing on the cricket field† has remained etched in everyone's memory, as the most spontaneous & uninhibited expression of happiness.This campaign went on to be awarded ‘The Campaign of the Century', in India at the Abby (Ad Club, Mumbai) awards. In the late 90's, to further expand the category, the focus shifted towards widening chocolate consumption amongst the masses, through the ‘Khanewalon Ko Khane Ka Bahana Chahiye' campaign. This campaign built social acceptance for chocolate consumption amongst adults, by showcasing collective and shared moments. More recently, the ‘Kuch Meetha Ho Jaaye' campaign associated Cadbury Dairy Milk with celebratory occasions and the phrase â€Å"Pappu Pass Ho Gaya† became part of street language.It has been adopted by consumers and today is used extensively to express joy in a moment of achievement and success. The interactive campaign for â€Å"Pappu Pass Ho Gaya† ba gged a Bronze Lion at the prestigious Cannes Advertising Festival 2006 for ‘Best use of internet and new media'. The idea involved a tie-up with Reliance India Mobile service and allowed students to check their exam results using their mobile service and encouraged those who passed their examinations to celebrate with Cadbury Dairy Milk.The ‘Pappu Pass Ho Gaya' campaign also went on to win Silver for The Best Integrated Marketing Campaign and Gold in the Consumer Products category at the EFFIES 2006 (global benchmark for effective advertising campaigns) awards.SOME INTERESTING FACTSCadbury Dairy Milk emerged as the No. 1 most trusted brand in Mumbai for the 2005 edition of Brand Equity's Most Trusted Brands survey. Cadbury Dairy Milk & Bournvita have been declared a â€Å"Consumer Superbrand† for 2006-7 by Superbrands India. During the First World War, Cadbury Dairy Milk supported the war effort.Over 2,000 male employees joined the armed forces and Cadbury sent bo oks, warm clothes and chocolates to the front.CHANGING PERCEPTIONDairy Milk has regular users. They do not have any particular occasion. They just have it. Children and youngsters play an important role Decision Roles in deciding when to have dairy milk. And now old age people also are slowly are in decision making. Dairy Milk has changed the scenario of having Occasions sweet sometimes. They say have it anytime including Diwali, Raksha bandhan, Weddings Dairy Milk have absolute loylaty status.Loyalty Status As we know that Dairy Milk is the only Brand who is the only one to promote chocolate as an important part of Festivals as well as it changed the mind sets of the people that chocolate is not only for kids but for all. The strategy to target adults was taken further with the help of a brand new positioning â€Å"Kuch Meetha Ho Jaye†. For Indians occasions and festivals have utmost importance and Dairy Milk rigorously focused on this point and set a new trend of having Dai ry Milk in place of â€Å"Mithai† during the occasions.CHANGING PERCEPTION OVERTIME THROUGH ADVERTISEMENTCadbury is a brand that all of us have literally grown up with. Though it has been immensely successful in its operations in the USA, UK, Australia, etc. from the 1800s, it entered the Indian market only in 1948. Since then, it has used a variety of strategies and a string of ad campaigns to reach out to the Indian consumer. Initially, Cadbury ads targeted children – they showed a loving father bringing chocolates home for the children as a surprise. The ads were formulated keeping in mind the Indian society then, where the children didn’t have money with themselves to buy sweets and chocolates.With this, Cadbury was able to capture a substantial part of its target segment – the kids. Next, it launched its famous ad where a teenage girl watches her friend play cricket and jumps into the cricket field, eating a Cadbury chocolate as soon as he hits a cen tury. Another advertisement showed a prospective bride with mehndi on her hands, prying open the wrapping of Cadbury chocolate with her elbows. It showed that teenagers too can enjoy the Cadbury chocolate. Girl in the cricket field Mehndi Next came the much talked about ad featuring Cyrus Broacha. It showed people from all age groups – a housewife in her 40s, a couple well into their 60s, and a teenager – enjoying the chocolate as Cyrus sang in the background â€Å"Khaane walon ko khaane ka bahaana chahiye†. In this way, Cadbury created inroads into all possible age groups. Post this, Cadbury changed its strategy. Having tapped all age-groups, it wanted to project Cadbury chocolates as a meetha – thereby trying to eat into the market of traditional Indian sweets.Advertisements were doled out showing Cadbury chocolate being enjoyed at every possible instance- before a good task (Shubh kaam ke aarambh se pehle), after dinner (Khaane ke baad meethe mein k ya hai), on payday (Khush hai zamaana aaj pehli taariq hai), after passing exams (Pappu pass ho gaya) or while just having a good day (Main khush hun aaj khamakha). Apart from this, Cadbury always comes out with special advertisements before important festivals like Diwali (toh iss Diwali aap kise khush karenge) and Rakshabandhan (Cadbury Celebrations- Pyar ka shagun).Cadbury was projected as the chocolate to eat on important as well as happy occasions. Kuch meetha ho jaaye Shubh Aarambh Khaane ke baad Khush hai zamana Pappu pass ho gaya Main khush hun Diwali Rakshabandhan It is because of such intelligent and innovative marketing strategies that Cadbury is the most successful chocolate brand in the India. Even now it posts a revenue growth of 30% annually, which is amazing.COMMUNICATION STRATEGYCadbury was the one having 70 % market shares in chocolate industry. Out of which 30% was the Dairy Milk alone. This is because of constant re-invention of the brand & bombarding comm unication towards the consumers consistently to maintain the top position in mind recall in confectionery segment.Dairy Milk was awarded as No. 1most trusted brand in Mumbai 2005 for the edition of Brand Equity’s most trusted Brand Survey. Dairy Milk targeted all the aspects as possible to get into the heart of all the people, ofall age groups. For this they communicated with people through different Ad’s &Campaigns. Let us see few of them below: Khane walo KO Khane ka Bahana Chahiye Pappu Paas Ho Gaya Shubh Aarambh was one of successful campaigns of Dairy Milk. This means Auspicious Beginning. With this campaign they said that for whatever you start, start it with Dairy Milk and it will be successful.For this they chose the best to advertise: Amitabh Bacchhan.TOOLS FOR COMMUNICATIONDairy Milk used different media options to communicate different campaigns and promote Dairy milk. They are: Outdoor Television Radio Internet TV Advertisements is the most popular method f or Dairy Milk to show their new campaigns to people so that they can more and more relate it with their personal lives. They also have ground promotions in different malls. They arrange some contests also to promote their brand.DISTRIBUTION STRATEGYAs we know that Dairy Milk holds 30% value share of chocolate market. The demand of chocolate is increasing day by day. And Dairy Milk is no. 1 in that race. Indian market &specifically where the penetration of chocolates is increasing, brings a need for efficiencyin logistics and distribution. There is stiff competition in the confectionery market due to large exposure of foreign currency rate risk, mainly on account of import of cocoa beans, cocoa butter. Cadbury Dairy Milk is easily available anywhere in the market. Cadbury’ success of proper distribution is their efficiency.PRICING STRATEGYDairy Milk is positioned towards age group of 4-50, and thus the price is accordingly kept affordable. Also it is easily accessible to all c ategories. Price range starts from Rs. 5to Rs. 20 in different sizes. Cadbury Dairy Milk fruit and nut starts from Rs. 30. Dairy Milk Silk is a premium brand and thus the price of it is little higher that is Rs. 50.MARKET SHARECadbury Dairy Milk has launched some very creative advertisements in India over the years. More than innovative, the ads have been very relevant to the Indian ethos.The ‘shubh aarambh’ ads which captured the Indian tradition of having something sweet before an important occasion or ‘kuch meetha ho jaye’ which associated Cadbury Dairy Milk with celebratory occasions. Recently, Cadbury Dairy Milk has been airing the ‘meethe mein kuch meetha ho jaye’ campaigns which have found a lot of favour with the audience. The ads, in typical Cadbury style, are very heartwarming and creative. If we look through the years, we can clearly see that Cadbury is doing everything possible to maintain a strong hold on the Indian chocolate marke t.While it remains a dominant leader with over 70% of the market share, this has eroded over the years as competitors like Nestle, Amul and CAMPCO have made strong forays. There was a time before and during the early 90s when Cadbury’s enjoyed an even higher market share. This was the time when chocolates were very clearly positioned for children. However, with the entry of global giant Nestle, two things happened. Firstly, there was a sudden spurt of competition for Cadbury. But more importantly, the market began to grow at a faster pace.Cadbury seized this opportunity and started creating advertisements that were targeted towards the ‘kids in all of us’. This was a very smart move as they already had the children’s segment all tied up. Moreover, the children of the 90s have now grown up, and Cadbury still offers them reasons to eat Dairy Milk. Hence, while their market share has eroded by a few points, Cadbury has significantly improved its revenues in a bsolute terms by evolving a long term advertising plan and one that is very relevant to the Indian context.With predominantly Indian themes, special moments (remember the girl dancing on the cricket field) and soulful music, Cadbury has really managed to connect with the audience. The recent ‘meethe mein kuch meetha ho jaye’ campaign is simply a continuation of this strategy to expand the market. In conclusion, Cadbury Dairy Milk has managed to take a simple chocolate bar and create numerous associations with it over the years. It has built up different audiences over the years, and to every audience it offers a different meaning but one that is very relevant.COMPETITOR’S ANALYSISIn Indian Market, the main players in the confectionery market are Cadbury, Nestle, Candico, ITC and Parle. Let us see the competitors of Cadbury Dairy Milk in detail below Company Founded in Brand Portfolio Kraft Foods 1903 Cadbury Dairy Milk & Variants, Éclairs, Bourn vita etc†¦Nestle 1860 Kitkat, Smarties Ferrero 1940 Rocher, Raffaelo, Nutella Amul 1945 Milk Chocolate, Fruit and Nut chocolate Candico 1997 Loco Poco Gum, Big Bubble ITC 2002(Confectionery Minto and Candy man Segment)Parle 1929 Melody, Mango Bite, Poppins, Kismi, Orange Candy.POINT OF PARITY (POP) & POINT OF DIFFERENCE (POD)POPs PODs Point of Parity Point of Difference Attributes or benefits Attributes which are which are strongly not unique but associate with somewhat same as competitive brand. compared to other They make the brand brands. something different from the other.POP’s & POD’s OF CADBURY DAIRY MILKPoint of Parity Point of Difference Chocolate manufacturing Legacy GoodwillVariants such as Fruit & Nut, Dark Emotional connect with customers Chocolate Constant innovation in ads Generic name in Indian chocolate market Good quality products Campaigns targeting from kids to adults Association with milk Excellent distribution systems 2 Layer packaging Dairy Milk is the on ly one chocolate which says that in occasions also it can be used as sweet.BRAND EXPLORATORYCustomer Knowledge Cadbury dairy Milk has been trying to get out of the image of† Just another chocolate† and become something special in the minds of the people.They have also been trying to position themselves as chocolates for all age groups and not just kids. The campaign has successfully created a picture in the mind of the customers that Cadbury is not just a chocolate but means of celebrations. Sources of Brand Equity There are two main sources of Brand Equity and they are: Brand Brand Image Awareness It is customers ability to It is consumers identify under different perception about the situations. brand. Brnad Image has three Two things form Brand main pillars: How Awareness: Brand strong it is, Is it Recognition and Brand Favourable and what Recall are the unique brand associations.BRAND AMBASSADORSAs we know that previously Dairy Milk was only considered as Chocolate, but their new campaign has changed this perception of consumers. As discussed above now Dairy Milk is considered as Traditional sweet of Indian culture(Mithai) which people give to their near and dear ones on the occasions and now they use Dairy Milk as sweet (Mithai). Brand Ambassador chosen for Dairy Milk is none other than Megastar Amitabh Bacchhan. He endorsed the brand so successfully that everyone loved the brand much more than they did.The endorsement has successfully captured the Indian festivals like Raksha bandhan, Diwali, Wedding, Birthdays etc†¦ Now people give Dairy Milk as token of love, care and affection to their friends and family.BRAND MANTRA OF DAIRY MILKDairy Milk also enjoys a great – Brand Recall value when comes to chocolates with Milk. Dairy Milk has huge command over – its distribution network spanning across India. Certain segment feel that price of innovations with crafted Dairy Milk is high and compared to communication campaign that Am ul Milk chocolate is preferred.It offers quality product with Dairy Milk is somewhat lacking in establish a clear and consistent other emerging markets. It has Brand Image over the years. Strong command over its brand image in India and Europe But other places it is lacking. Dairy Milk has been able to the recent acquisition of Cadbury which is a globally established by Kraft Foods may result in brand name known for its somewhat negative effect on the manufacturing competency and brand.CUSTOMER-BASED BRAND EQUITY PYRAMIDRationale of CBBE model:Basic premise: The power of a brand resides in the minds of the customers. The challenge is to ensure that the customers have the right kind of experiences with the products and services and their marketing program to create the right brand knowledge structures i. e. Thoughts Feelings Images Perception & Attitudes Building a strong brand involves a series of steps as part of a â€Å"branding ladder†. It is characterized by a logically c onstructed set of brand â€Å"building blocks†. We need to identify the areas of strength and weakness and to provide guidance to marketing activities.BRAND SALIENCEBrand Salience measures awareness of the brand, how often and how easily the brand is evoked under various situations or circumstances. It is the same as brand identity i. e. Who are you?DEPTH OF AWARENESSIt measures how likely it is for a brand element to come in mind i. e. ease of recognition and the ease with which it does so i. e. recall value. The Cadbury brand is associated with best tasting chocolate which includes from everything from solid blocks to chocolate filled bars and novelties. For many people , chocolate is Cadbury and no other brand will do.The core values of quality, taste and emotion supports the Cadbury brand. Consumers know that they can trust a chocolate bar that carries Cadbury branding. The swirling chocolate and „glass and a half? are powerful images. They both portray a desire for chocolate while the half full glass suggest core values of goodness and quality. The brand has been successful in establishing the link, in the mind of the consumer ,that Cadbury equals chocolate.BREADTH OF AWARENESSIt measures the range of purchase and usage situations in which the brand element comes to mind.Branded products command premium prices. Consumers are willing to pay the premium if they believe that the brand offers levels of quality and satisfaction that competing brands do not. Now Dairy Milk comes in Rs. 5 The campaigns of „Pappu pass ho gaya? and „Miss Palampur? aim to popularize Dairy Milk connecting it to various usage situations. Three consumer segments of „impulse? , „take home? and „gift? has been identified. Impulse purchases are usually products bought for immediate consumption. Take Home confectionary is generally bought in supermarket and is often driven by specific need.The specific need or usage can be an occasion. The consum ers make more rational decisions like brand influence, price/value relationship. These areas are further subdivided for e. g. the gift sector comprises special occasions (B?days or festivals) and token or spontaneous gift.BRAND PERFORMANCEIt describes how well the product meets customers? more functional needs. It transcends the product?s ingredients and features to include dimensions that differentiate the brand. The Cadbury brand name has been existence since 1824 when John Cadbury opened his shop in Birmingham, England.Over the years it has survived in a highly competitive market and developed its competitive advantage. It is successful in communicating the customers that it is still the ultimate in chocolate pleasure. It has shown the consistency in performance. The strength of the umbrella brand supports the brand value of each chocolate bar, thus implying how reliable the brand is. Cadbury’s packaging on the functional level, the pack was structurally sound to protect t he product quality in distribution and storage conditions, thus the consumers can acknowledge the durability of the product.The economic life of the product was mentioned in the product as per the respective food regulatory body. Cadbury’s world famous packaging is comprised of four key elements:1. Distinctive packaging design.2. The Cadbury corporate purple color.3. The glass and a half full of full cream milk logo.4. The Cadbury script logo.These elements convey to consumers the memorability, distinctiveness and high quality of Cadbury products. The attractiveness of packaging alone can be instrumental in stimulating a purchase specially impulse buyers.The brand also comes in various attractive packages for different occasion like „Diwali?, „Raksha Bandhan?, „Christmas? etc.BRAND IMAGERYIt depends on the extrinsic properties of the product including the ways in which the brand attempts to meet customer?s psychological or social needs. The intangible associ ation to Cadbury includes family experiences, childhood memories. The product could be bought from supermarket on the insistence of the child to its parents or from department store or specialty store through impulse buying or for little pleasures.The Cadbury as a person is able to create a feeling of warmth, the togetherness of family & friends on special occasions, to hold those relationships in life which are of prime importance and to savor the sweet success of winning. The core values of quality, taste and emotion are the pillars of the brand. The milk pouring on the chocolate bar, the icon represents the unique production process in Cadbury?s Dairy Milk chocolate which uses a glass and a half of full cream Irish milk in every half-pound, hence the unique taste of the chocolate.It serves to identify the product, its contents and the manufacturer. The heritage that has been passed down from the past.BRAND JUDGMENTSThese are customer’s personal opinions about and evaluatio ns of the brand, which consumers form by putting together all the different brand performance and imagery associations. Brand Quality: Consumers trust the brand because there is certain level of quality attached to it. The people buy chocolates during the auspicious occasion as a token of their love tells the level of trust that the people have.Brand Credibility: The brands like Five Star, Perk derive benefit from the Cadbury parentage including quality and taste credentials. The flagship chocolate brand, Cadbury Dairy Milk which is over 100 years old, is the third largest largest chocolate brand globally with retail sales of $2 billion. Its revenue grew by 5% in the year 2007 and by further 9% in the first half. Brand Consideration: The brand has been considered for possible purchase and use not only as a chocolate but it has become a substitute for sweet. The punchline „Kuch Meetha Ho Jaye? justifies this.The campaign has been highly successful with the brand endorsement of Amitabh Bachchan and consumers buy it for occasions like â€Å"Diwali† and â€Å"Raksha Bandhan† Brand Superiority: The unique taste of chocolate which comes in a pure form.BRAND FEELINGSThese are customers? special responses and reactions to the brand. The feelings that are evoked by the marketing program or by other means. Warmth The brand evokes a soothing type of feeling. As the chocolate melts inside our mouths, a similar soothing effect is felt inside our hearts.The commercial for the cricket match shows how sweet success of winning can be savored by the sweet taste of Cadbury. It also depicts fun and excitement. Passion It is reflected in the impulse buying nature of consumers. The commercial featuring a girl with „mehndi? put on her palms has a strong desire to have chocolates and she is adamant to have it. Bond of love & relationships The brand provides the consumers with an opportunity to express their love to their family and friends. It is a time to c elebrate and have few precious moments of togetherness.Enthusiasm The cricket match commercial also reflects the fun & the excitement. The brand makes the consumers feel excited.BRAND RESONANCEIt describes the nature of this relationship and the extent to which customers feel that they are â€Å"in sync† with the brand. It is characterized in terms of intensity, or the depth of psychological bond that customers have with the brand, also the level of activity engendered by this loyalty ( repeat purchase rates and extent to which customers seek out brand information). Attitudinal attachmentThe level of attachment can be judged by the fact that the consumers feel that is a perfect gift for special occasions. It could be used to express their token of love. The â€Å"little pleasures† that can be derived from the moments of family get-together. The moment consumers think about celebration they think about the brand. Sense of community The consumers feel a kinship or affili ation with other people associated with the brand. The commercial in which BigB and his childhood friend exchange their gifts they feel how much their choices resemble and automatically a feeling of kinship is developed.The sense of belongingness to that particular brand is generated. Behavioral loyalty The repeat purchases on various occasion be it Diwali, Christmas or to express their love or vote of thanks, only this brand comes to the consumers mind. This is the level of loyalty that the Cadbury brand shares with it consumers.RECOMMENDATIONSMaintain dominance in chocolate segment.Many new players are trying to enter Indian market so it should formulate new strategies so as not to lose market share.New channels such as gifting, child connectivity and value for money offering to be the key growth drives. Grow volume sales at least 20% p. a. over the next years.One new major product launch every year.FDI will bring in many new products and competitors so Cadbury will have to mainta in there strong market distribution channel so as not to lose market share.They need to maintain high standards and should be careful that there product remains sterile. And is not effected by insects.They should change packaging of Dairy Milk. Conclusion Will lose market share with globalization (a la Maruti) but will remain brand leader.Pest Analysis P: since the budget range is decontrolled, no political effects are envisaged.E:1) increasing per capita income resulting in higher Disposable income2) Growing middle class/urban population – increase in Demand3) Low cost of production – better penetrationS:1) Per capita consumption expected to increase – fashion2) Increasing gifts culture – increase in demand3) Lower cholesterol than â€Å"mithais† (sweet meat) – Substitute demandT: Will have to reinforce technology to international levels once India is a â€Å"free† economy .

Marijuana is good essays

Marijuana is good essays Mairjuana is a drug that has been with us for quite awhile. It was used in ancient China and India for pain relief, tension relief and anxiety problems. Over the course of time, the drug made its way from other countries, such as India and China, and came to the US. A user of this drug will feel the effects anywhere from a few seconds of smoking it to about ten minutes. Its chemicals go into the lungs, then get dispersed into the bloodstream. The user then gets a feeling of being high or stoned. After these effects wear off the user is left feeling tired, hungry, lazy, weary, unmotivated, and a little depressed. This is the burnt stage. It can take up to a week to get the entire effect from the drug out of your system. Marijuana is a plant, and like any other plant needs special cares and needs to get the plant grown. Different fertilizers, soils, and nutrients are used to grow a plant. The better one takes care of the plant, the more potent the product from that plant will be. In the 19030s the government classified marijuana as a schedule I drug. Other schedule I drugs are; Heroin, Peyote, Mescaline, and LSD or Acid. A definition of a schedule I drug is one that is dangerous, likely to case harm, and lacking perceived medical use. Since then marijuana users have faced jail time, community service, and/or expensive fines. Marijuana is used today to relax people and/or around other people to enhance a social event. It is ninety percent of the time smoked both by being placed in a bowl or bong, or it can be rolled up in cigarette papers and smoked like a cigarette. It also can be cooked into different foods to digest the drug. This produces the same effect, it just takes longer to kick in. Marijuana can cost anywhere from forty to nine-hundred dollars an ounce. It is usually packaged in plastic bags. Annually we spend roughly 1.3 million dollars on this illicit drug. When one uses this drug for an e...

Why the US Government Cant End Illegal Immigration

Why the US Government Cant End Illegal Immigration Illegal immigration into the United States is a highly profitable proposition for both employers and the U.S. government, and it also benefits Mexico, which is the largest source country of undocumented immigrants into the US. The US and Mexican governments actively entice illegal immigrants to enter this country and to work illegally for profit-hungry U.S. employers. Poverty-stricken immigrants , who are often desperate to house and feed their families, respond to the financial enticements...and then are blamed by U.S. citizenry for illegally being in the US. The purpose of this 4-part article is to explain why the US federal government cant afford and doesnt soon plan to to end illegal immigration. Part 1 - United States Borders Are Barely EnforcedTen million illegal immigrants live in the US, according to estimates by academic and government agencies, although Bear-Stearns investment firm analysts claim that the US illegal immigrant population may be as high as 20 million people. About 75% of undocumented immigrants arrive across the US southern border with Mexico, and hail from Mexico, El Salvador, Guatemala, Colombia and other Central and South American countries. The bulk...about 50% of all illegals....are Mexican-born people. Time magazine stated in 2004 that illegal immigration accelerated under the Bush Administration, with the US gaining 3 million additional illegal immigrant residents in 2004. A third of all illegal immigrants in the US live in California. Other states with large illegal populations are, in descending order, Texas, New York, Illinois, Florida and Arizona. After more than 100 years in existence, President Bush dissolved the US Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS)in March 2003 and absorbed it into the new Homeland Security Department, along with FEMA and dozens of other federal agencies created to help citizens and residents. Until its dissolution, the INS had been part of the Justice Department since 1940, and before that, part of the US Labor Department. After the September 11, 2001 tragedy, the Bush Administration complained that the INS was insufficiently focused on deporting and expelling illegal immigrants, and thus asked that it be transferred to Homeland Security. The US Border Patrol is charged with the responsibility of enforcing illegal immigration across US borders. Until 2003, the Border Patrol was part of the INS, but was also folded into Homeland Security (as a separate agency from INS). The massive US intelligence agencies overhaul passed by Congress and signed by President Bush in January 2005 required Homeland Security to hire 10,000 more Border Patrol agents, 2,000 per year starting immediately. The Border Patrol currently employs 9,500 agents who patrol 8,000 miles of border. But Bush Administration ignored the law mandating the hiring of new agents. Said Congressman John Culberson (R-TX) to CNNs Lou Dobbs, Unfortunately, the White House ignored the law, and only asked us for 200 more agents. Thats unacceptable. Culberson was referring to the federal budget for 2006 in which President Bush provided funds for only 210 new agents, not 2,000 additional agents. Both houses of Congress worked together twice in 2005 to bypass the White House, and hire 1,500 new Border Patrol agents......500 shy of that required by law, but far surpassing the mere 210 planned by President Bush. The US-Mexico border remains significantly under-patrolled. On October 7, 2005, 80 members of the House of Representatives sent a letter to the President, calling on him to enforce immigration laws, and deferring consideration of the White Houses proposed guest-worker immigration program. History has shown that enforcement provisions are ignored and underfunded... said the Congressional letter. Meanwhile, Congressman Culberson told CNNs Lou Dobbs on October 7, 2005, Weve got a full-scale war going on our southern border. You dont need to go to Iraq to see a war. Weve got widespread lawlessness...We need boots on the ground...ASAP. Part 2 - Widespread Poverty and Hunger in MexicoAccording to the World Bank, 53% of Mexico population of 104 million residents live in poverty, which is defined as living on less than $2 a day. Close to 24% of Mexicos population live in extreme poverty, which means they live on less than $1 a day. The bottom 40% of Mexican households share less than 11% of the countrys wealth. Millions live in extreme poverty,and children are compelled to work on the streets in order to help provide food for their families. Unemployment in Mexico is realistically estimated near 40%, and there are no government unemployment benefits. There are also virtually no welfare benefits to provide the basics for poverty-stricken, often-starving women, children and families. Poverty wasnt always as pervasive as it is today in Mexico. In 1983, the devaluation of the Mexican peso triggered an explosion of US-owned factories, called maquiladoras, along the Mexican side of the US-Mexico border. Corporations closed thousands of factories within US borders, and relocated them to Mexico to take advantage of cheaper labor costs, few required benefits and legally-acceptable poorer working conditions. Hundreds of thousands of poor Mexican workers and their families moved to northernmost Mexico to labor in the maquiladoras. Within ten years, though, those same US corporations closed the maquiladoras, and again relocated factories, this time to Asia, which proffered even cheaper labor costs, no benefits and often abject working conditions acceptable to local governments. Those hundreds of thousands of Mexican workers in the maquiladoras, and their families, were left with nothing. No benefits, no severance. Nothing. To complicate economic matters more, Mexicos 1994-95 privatization of its banking and telecommunications industries thrust millions more into poverty with increased consumer prices, rising unemployment and wage and benefit cuts. Mexicos massive privatizations in 1994-95 also created a new privileged class of home-grown millionaires and billionaires. As of 2002, Mexico ranked fourth in the world in billionaires, behind the US, Japan and Germany. To summarize thusfar, millions of Mexican families live in soul-stripping poverty...unemployed, hungry, without healthcare...and the US border with Mexico is significantly under-enforced. Part 3 - US Employers Routinely Hire Illegal Immigrants, With Little PenaltyIn March 2005, Wal-Mart, a company with $285 billion in annual sales. was fined $11 million for having untold hundreds of illegal immigrants nationwide clean its stores. The federal government boasts its the largest of its kind. But for Wal-Mart, it amounts to a rounding error-and no admittance of wrongdoing since it claims it didnt know its contractors hired the illegals wrote the Christian Science Monitor on March 28, 2005. If it werent so easy for illegals and employers to skirt worker ID verification, the settlements requirement that Wal-Mart also improve hiring controls might have a ripple effect in corporate America. but the piddling fine will hardly deter businesses from hiring cheap labor from a pool of illegals thats surged by 23 percent since 2000....But enforcement is pathetically inadequate, especially since 9/11. The Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 provides for sanctions against businesses that hire undocumented workers, which means workers without proper identification. The legislation was enacted once Mexico-US border maquiladoras run by US corporations began closing, and those workers streamed across the border, searching for jobs of any kind. But heres the rub. In 1999, under President Bill Clinton, the US government collected $3.69 million in fines from 890 companies for employing undocumented workers. In 2004, under President George Bush, the federal government collected $188,500 from 64 companies for such illegal employment practices. And in 2004, the Bush Administration levied NO fines for US companies employing undocumented workers. In 21st-century America, its an unspoken agreement between employer, the undocumented employee and the federal government: the employee provides acceptable ID that appears authentic, the employer asks no questions, and the US government looks the other way. Fake ID...Social Security cards, US permanent residency cards (i.e. green cards), US temporary employment authorization cards....are readily available for about $100 to $200 in every major American city,and plenty of smaller ones, too. Wrote reporter Eduardo Porter in an April 5, 2005 New York Times article, Currently available for about $150 on street corners in just about any immigrant neighborhood in California, a typical fake ID package includes a green card and a Social Security card. It provides cover for employers, who, if asked, can plausibly assert that they believe all their workers are legal. Why would employers hire undocumented workers? As one person in Arizona noted, It looks like entering the US through the desert as undocumented immigrants is some kind of employment screening test administered by the US government for the hospitality, construction and recreation industries. Willing to work at the most dangerous jobs, an immigrant a day will also die in the work place, even while for others the work place has become safer over the last decade. And undocumented workers, grateful for any job, will work for lower wages and minimal or no benefits, therefore enabling employers to make higher business profits. Cheaper labor costs and lesser working conditions equal greater profits for business owners. In a January 2005 World Net Daily article, a report by investment firm Bear Stearns was cited that clearly illustrates that millions of US jobs have shifted from the legal workforce as employers have systematically replaced American workers with lower wage illegal aliens. For illegal immigrants, its about finding any work to feed, clothe and shelter their families. For employers, its about profits. But why would the US government look the other way, allowing employers to replace American workers with undocumented workers from other countries? ...experts blame the twin pressures of ethnic advocacy and business interests reports the Christian Science Monitor. Translation....ethnic advocacy means buying favor...and votes....within the illegal immigrant community. If an immigrant doesnt vote, he/she has relatives who do. In the 21st century, Hispanics surpassed African-Americans as the largest ethnic group in the United States. Many believe that the Bush Administrations lack of immigration enforcement in 2004 was directly connected to the Republican Partys goal to court the Hispanic vote, and to entice Hispanics to join Republican ranks. Translation...business interests means profits. When labor costs are lower, business profits are higher. When thousands of businesses have higher profits, then the US business community is stronger (and happier). More votes and more voter perception of success. A major economic drawback, though, to allowing thousands...probably millions...of US businesses to pay under-market wages and benefits to undocumented workers is that it depresses wages for all workers in the US. All Americans workers, then have decreased incomes, lower benefits and higher rates of poverty and hunger. An obvious moral drawback to allowing US businesses to pay under-market, lower than even minimum wage rates, is that its wrong. Minimum wage and standard minimal working conditions are established to humanely provide for the safety and welfare of all workers...not just American-born workers. Its a matter of decency and human rights, rooted in the United States Christian-Judeo heritage. Its wrong and exploitative, and its immoral. Its an updated form of economic slavery. Writes Dr. Groody, Immigrants die cutting North Carolina tobacco and Nebraska beef, chopping down trees in Colorado, welding a balcony in Florida , trimming grass at a Las Vegas golf course, and falling from scaffolding in Georgia.... With an economic gun at their backs, they leave their homes because hunger and poverty pushes them across the border....Every day, immigrants dehydrate in deserts, drown in canals, freeze in mountains and suffocate in tractor trailers. As a result, the death toll has increased 1,000 percent in some places. And theres one more reason why would the US government would look the other way, thus allowing US employers to replace American workers with undocumented workers from other countries. A huge, seemingly insurmountable reason. A $7 billion a year problem: Social Security. Part 4 - Undocumented Workers Give $7 Billion Annually to Social SecurityAccording to a New York Times article on April 5, 2005, ...the estimated seven million or so illegal immigrant workers in the United States are now providing the system with a subsidy of as much as $7 billion a year....Moreover, the money paid by illegal immigrants and their employers is factored into all the Social Security Administrations projections. However,since illegal immigrant workers are here illegally, and ostensibly presented fake ID to the US employer, they will never collect Social Security benefits. For illegal immigrants, Social Security numbers are simply a tool needed to work on this side of the border. Retirement does not enter the picture, reports the New York Times. The Social Security Administration remains solvent in large part due to deductions taken from the paychecks of illegal immigrant workers, yet Social Security will never pay benefits to those workers. The workers pay in, but they never receive back. Wouldnt the federal government detect fake Social Security numbers? According to that April 6, 2005 New York Times article, Starting in the late 1980s, the social Security Administration received a flood of W-2 earnings reports with incorrect-sometimes simply fictitious-Social Security numbers. It stashed them in what it calls the earnings suspense file in the hope that someday it would figure out whom they belonged to. The file has been mushrooming ever since: $189 billion worth of wages ended up recorded in the suspense file over the 1990s, two and a half times the amount of the 1980s. In the current decade, the file is growing, on average, by more than $50 billion a year, generating $6 billion to $7 billion in Social Security tax revenue and about $1.5 billion in Medicare taxes. ...the mismatched W-2s fit like a glove on illegal immigrants known geographic distribution and the patchwork of jobs they typically hold. An audit found that more than half of the 100 employers filing the most earnings reports with false social Security numbers from 1997 through 2001 came from just three states: California, Texas and Illinois. As shown by this information, the federal bureaucracy clearly knows which companies employ probable illegal immigrant workers, and it even knows which workers are likely illegals. And the government does nothing about it. Not one penalty was levied by the federal government against an employer in 2004 for hiring undocumented workers. SUMMARY The equation to explain the whys of illegal immigration into the US is simple: Add: Widespread abject poverty and starvation in Mexico after US corporations relocated their cheap-labor plants from the US-Mexico border to Asia, and after Mexican banks and telecommunications were privatized, creating dozens of instant billionaires and plunging millions into poverty. Add: An extremely porous, under-enforced US-Mexico border. Add: US employers anxious for more profits, and willing to exploit the poverty and fears of illegal immigrants to do so. Add: The federal government anxious to curry favor with , and garner votes from, business owners and the Hispanic community...thus, willing to under-enforce borders and immigrations laws, and ignore illegal hiring by employers. Add: The Social Security Administration dependent on taking in $7 billion annually of contributions from illegal immigrant workers who will never receive benefits from the system. THE RESULT: Millions of illegal immigrants working for low wages and in poor working conditions, grateful for scraps to fall from the US table of prosperity, per Dr. Groody. Wealthier US businesses, and a much-richer Social Security Administration, neither which reimburse local and state authorities and taxpayers for the costs (education, health care, law enforcement and more) associated with illegal immigrants. And a very angry US citizenry, who vilify immigrants for being here, rather than blaming the business owners who hire and exploit them, the US government which lets them enter the US and profits greatly from them, and the Mexican government which is happy to see them immigrate out of their country. Our nation virtually posts two sign on its southern border: Help Wanted: Inquire Within and Do Not Trespass, says Pastor Robin Hoover of Humane Borders. Without the help of immigrant labor, the US economy would virtually collapse. We want and need cheap immigrant labor, but we do not want the immigrants.

How to Decline an Offer of Admission to Graduate School

How to Decline an Offer of Admission to Graduate School If you were accepted to a school that you no longer wish to attend, youll have to consider writing a graduate school rejection letter. Perhaps it was not your first choice, or you found a better fit. Theres nothing wrong in declining the offer- it happens all the time. Just make sure to take action and be prompt in your response. Tips on Declining a Grad School Offer Here are a few things to keep in mind: Respond soon: Once you know the school is out, do not delay. Once you give up your spot, it may open up for someone else who really wants to attend that college or university. Plus, it looks bad not to respond at all- especially because the admissions committee devoted their time to evaluating your credentials.Keep it short:  You dont owe the university or college an explanation; just politely and briefly decline the offer (see the template below for wording ideas).Thank them: You may want to thank the admissions committee for their time. You never know when you may encounter one of the members during your career, so keep it nice.Dont disclose more than you need to:  You are not responsible for telling the school which college or university you will be attending. They may ask, but likely not.  Check it off:  You may not need to write a letter at all- some universities and colleges let you check a box declining their offer or do it with a few clicks online. Thanks, But No Thanks After you are done carefully considering all of your options and youre ready to decline the offer, how exactly do you word it? Responding with a short grad school rejection letter will do. This can be an email or a printed letter. Try something along the lines of the following. Dear Dr. Smith (or Admissions Committee): I am writing in response to your offer of admission to the Clinical Psychology program at Graduate University. I appreciate your interest in me, but I regret to inform you that I will not be accepting your offer of admission. Thank you for your time and consideration. Sincerely, Rebecca R. Student Remember to be polite. Academia is a very small world. You likely will encounter faculty and students from that program sometime during your career. If your message declining the offer of admission is rude, you may be remembered for the wrong reasons.

Applying economic analysis ( Cost Effectiveness Analysis) to Alzheimer Essay

Applying economic analysis ( Cost Effectiveness Analysis) to Alzheimer bills and to school lunch program - Essay Example In CEA the relative costs and the outcomes are evaluated for two or more itineraries of action. This kind of analysis is divergent from cost-benefit analysis, which dispenses financial value to the appraise of effect. Normally the CEA is articulated in requisites of a proportion where the denominator is a put on in health from an evaluation and the numerator is the outlay allied with the health put on. The chiefly used upshot evaluate is quality-adjustment life years. The theory of cost effectiveness is practical in organization and preparation of many of sort of prearranged activity. It applicable to many aspects of life. In Alzheimer’s tab, for instance, that was ascertained by the secretary of health and human services (National Alzheimer’s project) to generate and sustain an integrated national plan to surmount Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. The policies stipulated in the bill was intended at cutting down on the health care cost to the citizens of the federal state. The early diagnosis and acceleration of preventive procedures was found to be a little bit cost-effective compared to the treatment actions (Clyne, 2002 p 17). Cost-minimization is functional when evaluate drugs of equal acceptability and effectiveness. Therapeutic similarity must be oriented by the instigator carrying out the study preceding the cost-minimization exertion. As equal efficiency and equal acceptability is already established, there is no necessity finding a universal effectiveness denominator as study on cost-effectiveness would have demanded. All costs have to be measured when conducting a cost-minimization study together with resource expenses intrinsic to the liberation of the therapeutic intrusions and that are germane to the pharmacoeconomic perception. In the Alzheimer’s bill, for instance, the costs of alternative therapies can be compared to the Alzheimer’s disease treatments and

Valuation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Valuation - Research Paper Example In 2011, Coca-Cola was also recognized as the most valuable brand in the world on the basis of Interbrand’s best global brand. Pepsi Corporation Pepsi Corporation is another American based multinational enterprise that operates in the food and beverage industry. Headquarter of Pepsi is in Purchase, New York. The company was formed in 1965 and since that time it has expanded its brands to more than 200 countries. Pepsi is the fifth largest food and beverage company in the world in terms of total revenue however in the North American region it is the largest company. There are more than 285 thousand employees working for Pepsi around the world. INDUSTRY ANALYSIS Food and beverage industry includes food production, distribution, retailing and catering of food and beverages. The total value of this industry in the year 2008 was $5.7 trillion. The growth rate of the industry is expected to increase at a CAGR of 3.5% and it is estimated that the total value of this industry would re ach up to $7 trillion by the end of 2014 (IMAP, 4). As other industry suffered because of financial crisis, food and beverage industry was also one of the victims of recession. ... Cola Corporation is considered to be the seventh most important company in the industry with total revenue of $31.9 billion and net income of $5.8 billion. The industry is lead by Nestle with total revenue of $101.8 billion which has grown by 13.5% in 2010 from 2009. The net profit of Nestle in 2010 was $16.7 billion. Other important players in the market are Bunge ltd, Unilever Archer-Daniels Midland Kraft Foods Tyson Foods Mars Inc Kirin Holdings etc. The future of this industry is bright as the economy is currently recovering from recession and many companies are planning to expand their businesses and acquire firms in the industry. Pepsi acquired a Brazilian based coconut water manufacturer company, Amacoco Nordeste while minority shares of Zico LLC were bought by Coca Cola thus reflecting potential in the industry. S&P 500 and Dow Jones US indexes indicate that the industry would grow with the passage of time as it is reflected in the following graph. (Source: IMAP, 4) FINANCIAL ANALYSIS Financial Highlights of Coca-Cola The revenues of Coca Cola Company have increased in 2010 from 2009 by 13% which has helped the company in improving its profitability considerably by 73%. The revenues of the company although decreased in 2009 in comparison to 2008 but still the company was able to generate 18% more profits than 2008 which reflected that the company was able to cut off several expenses and costs. In addition to this, the earning per share of the company has been increasing with an increasing rate since 2008. Earning per share increased by 18% in 2009 and then it increased by 74% in 2010 reflecting positive future of the company. 2010 Change in % 2009 Change in % 2008 Revenues 35,119 13% 30,990 -3% 31,944 Operating Profit 8,449 3% 8,231 -3% 8,446 Net Profit 11,809

Do no wrong Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Do no wrong - Essay Example Ethics are often influenced by norms, expectation of society, to a certain degree by morals and other factors that compels proper behavior. Not all ethical practice is morally right because what is the proper thing to do does not automatically mean that it is right. A classic example is the lawyer whose professional ethics compels him to defend his client vigorously even if he knows that his client killed a man which in essence is not moral. His defense of a client albeit the client killed a man, is consistent of another ethical value upheld by society which is to give every man his day in court when accused of a crime. In the case of the case of Katy Butler’s parents in the article What Broke My Father’s Heart, the decision that has to be made that would require to use moral or ethics was the dilemma whether to stop the pacemaker in Jeff’s heart (Katy’s father) so that it will return to its normal function that will eventually put him to rest. Using the strict measurement of morality, stopping the pacemaker would, according to Dr. Rogan would tantamount to putting a pillow on Jeff’s head insinuating murder, and therefore, wrong. (1)But this is however simplistic because it failed to consider that Jeff did not want the pacemaker in his body that prolonged his agony and put him in a situation where people around him were forced to consider difficult options such as stopping his pacemaker. His situation was against his consent and could also be considered as not moral. The decision went to his wife who was not fully informed to the consequences of pacemaker. Valerie , the wife, realized later that Jeff’s decision not to have a pacemaker was after all right because he was like house that was collapsing after the pacemaker was installed in his body that was given was not a life,† but a prolonged and attenuated dying†. (2)Thus, in the case of Jeff, the act of turning his pacemaker off was neither euthanasia

NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF HURRICANE KATRINA ON THE GULF REGION Essay

NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF HURRICANE KATRINA ON THE GULF REGION - Essay Example Moreover, while giving examples about the hurricanes that hit before the hurricane Katrina, it presents a comparative analysis of how the hurricane Katrina was different from those that happened earlier and why was it a major setback for the Homeland Security Departments of America. Furthermore, the book also describes the major factors and problems of the hurricane and why is it marked as an important event in the history of America. Also, this book gives details about how the government tried to help people recover all that they lost in this catastrophe, and what kind of role did the government play in helping them economically and psychologically (Hoffman, 2007, pp 25-89). Palser, B. (2007). Hurricane Katrina: Aftermath of Disaster. Compass Point Books. This is a comprehensive book, with easy to understand vocabulary and language. The book provides with the details of the hurricane Katrina that hit the Florida, rapidly moving towards the Gulf of Mexico, causing hundreds of deaths and heaving thousands homeless. Also, it states how the government failed to provide enough backup fur the people of America, as it was one of the most accurately predicted hurricanes in the history of America. ... Brinkley, D. (2007). The Great Deluge: Hurricane, New Orleans, and the Mississippi Gulf Coast. HarperCollins. This book written by the bestseller author, Douglas Brinkley (2007) epically describes the events that caused major devastation in the United States of America; the hurricane Katrina. The hurricane Katrina that demolished ‘Gulf Coast cities of America’ (Brinkley, 2007) and took away hundreds of lives within just five hours was one of the five most catastrophic hurricanes in the history of United States. This book highlights all the events preceding the hurricane Katrina, including the mismanagement of the government officials and the lack of preplanning in spite of the early prediction. Moreover, this book also records the stories of actual survivors who witnessed and experienced the hurricane, it narrates all the troubles that they went through and how the hurricane affected their lives. It states the emotional, physical and economic losses of the survivors and describes how they are coping up with their lives in the current time; years after the disaster took place. Moreover, it also identifies the role played the government to help the survivors. Plus it also plays a tribute to the unsung heroes of the hurricane Katrina, who sacrificed their own lives to save others (Brinkley, 2007). Brown, D. (2005). Hurricane Katrina: The first seven days of America’s worst natural disasters. Lulu.com Press. This book was written with the intentions of donating funds for charity purposes. The book narrates the whole event of hurricane Katrina that destroyed lives in America within just hours. It states how dramatically the lives of the victims changed

Hospitality Management--Food Safety Management Essay

Hospitality Management--Food Safety Management - Essay Example With this comes a great responsibility to ensure the safety and integrity of the food supply. Little kills a tourist destination or catering business more than bad publicity. This can occur in the media, or via word of mouth. One of the primary concerns in the industry has long been outbreaks of food poisoning (Adams and Morrell 38). Catering businesses must depend not only on their own quality control standards, but also on the safe supply of fresh food to their business as well. It is critical that food born illnesses be eliminated from the food supply to the greatest extent possible. Much has been discussed in this area in recent years as the number of tourism based businesses continues to grow exponentially. This paper will examine a particular case of food born disease that directly affected the catering industry in Africa, and will enter into a discussion of relevant legislation and recommendations to avoid future outbreaks worldwide. Case Study and the Causative Agent Salad ha s long been a staple of the catering industry. Nearly every meal in world wide tourist circles, particularly meals that are catered, have some form of salad mix as a part of the set menu (Henderson 318). Produce, however, must be handled carefully as there are many food born diseases that can result if not properly handled (Chapman et. al. 1101). Because of the mass quantities of lettuce and other ingredients of salad that must be collected for any one event, it becomes even more critical to examine the health and safe of such food products. Since salad is not cooked, heat and extreme temperatures utilized in the cooking process do not assist in the elimination of contaminants (Amhadi and Hussain 172). One such case study was recently conducted in Nigeria to determine the prevalence of food born bacteria in ready made salad mixes typically used in the catering industry. General Details Scientists tested 150 different ready-to-eat salad samples from various sources in Calabar, South Nigeria. The samples were taken from such tourist and catering sites as fast food centers, wedding reception banquets, and birthday parties in the main part of the city. This occurred during the three-month period in order to ensure that the food and produce supplier remained relatively consistent (Udo et. al. 1). During the analysis of the samples, it was discovered that five main types of bacteria were present in the lettuce on an above average scale. â€Å"The probable human pathogens isolated were Staphylococcus aureus 35 (41.18%), Escherichia coli 21 (24.71%), Klebsiella aerogenes 11 (12.94%), Slamonella Enterica var Typhimuirum 3 (3.53%, and Bacsillus species 15 (17.65%)† (Udo et al 2). It was discovered that an astounding 40% of fast food centers, 52% of birthday parties, and 78% of wedding receptions had enough bacteria in their salad to cause food poisoning amongst the guests. Obviously this is an unacceptable number, but this case study is reflective of the overall danger of the food preparation industry if proper handling of food is not undertaken. The case study from Nigeria demonstrates that salads typically eaten in tourist venues and at catering events are often contaminated with pathogens that can cause grave illness in humans. This indicates a strong need to take care that food service personnel, particularly in the hospitality industry, use proper hygiene standards and that fruits and vegetables are disinfected and stored at the

NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF HURRICANE KATRINA ON THE GULF REGION Essay

NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF HURRICANE KATRINA ON THE GULF REGION - Essay Example Moreover, while giving examples about the hurricanes that hit before the hurricane Katrina, it presents a comparative analysis of how the hurricane Katrina was different from those that happened earlier and why was it a major setback for the Homeland Security Departments of America. Furthermore, the book also describes the major factors and problems of the hurricane and why is it marked as an important event in the history of America. Also, this book gives details about how the government tried to help people recover all that they lost in this catastrophe, and what kind of role did the government play in helping them economically and psychologically (Hoffman, 2007, pp 25-89). Palser, B. (2007). Hurricane Katrina: Aftermath of Disaster. Compass Point Books. This is a comprehensive book, with easy to understand vocabulary and language. The book provides with the details of the hurricane Katrina that hit the Florida, rapidly moving towards the Gulf of Mexico, causing hundreds of deaths and heaving thousands homeless. Also, it states how the government failed to provide enough backup fur the people of America, as it was one of the most accurately predicted hurricanes in the history of America. ... Brinkley, D. (2007). The Great Deluge: Hurricane, New Orleans, and the Mississippi Gulf Coast. HarperCollins. This book written by the bestseller author, Douglas Brinkley (2007) epically describes the events that caused major devastation in the United States of America; the hurricane Katrina. The hurricane Katrina that demolished ‘Gulf Coast cities of America’ (Brinkley, 2007) and took away hundreds of lives within just five hours was one of the five most catastrophic hurricanes in the history of United States. This book highlights all the events preceding the hurricane Katrina, including the mismanagement of the government officials and the lack of preplanning in spite of the early prediction. Moreover, this book also records the stories of actual survivors who witnessed and experienced the hurricane, it narrates all the troubles that they went through and how the hurricane affected their lives. It states the emotional, physical and economic losses of the survivors and describes how they are coping up with their lives in the current time; years after the disaster took place. Moreover, it also identifies the role played the government to help the survivors. Plus it also plays a tribute to the unsung heroes of the hurricane Katrina, who sacrificed their own lives to save others (Brinkley, 2007). Brown, D. (2005). Hurricane Katrina: The first seven days of America’s worst natural disasters. Lulu.com Press. This book was written with the intentions of donating funds for charity purposes. The book narrates the whole event of hurricane Katrina that destroyed lives in America within just hours. It states how dramatically the lives of the victims changed

Methodology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Methodology - Essay Example Over the last few decades, the exploring and understanding of phenomena has given birth to various paradigms of social research, especially in context of educational betterment. Paradigms are a mixture of concepts and variables, attached to methodologies and tools that can help shape research into a certain subject or verify a certain theoretical proposition (Saunders et al, 2006). The positivist paradigm seeks to gather true knowledge, utilising a method of observation and experiment. The primary approach used in this paradigm is quantitative, with surveys and experiments becoming the tools to gage relationship and effect between two or more entities. On the other hand, an anti-positivist paradigm approaches a research subject under a qualitative cloud, using case studies and phenomenological methods to understand a single entity and its activities. In reference to this paper, the approach taken is under the positivist paradigm, as the crux of the research is evaluating the link between two or more entities, and the effects of change that is passed because of the existing linkage. However, the author acknowledges the importance of the anti-positive approach, and aims to undertake some tools of this methodology like interviews, in order to reach a more comprehensive conclusion. The methodology of research adopted is important in selecting the most suitable approach by which the researcher can answer the aims of a paper. A part of the approach is linked to the strategy adopted by the researcher; if deductive, the researcher is seeking to develop and test a theory, while if inductive, it involves the gathering of data from which a theory is likely to be built (Saunders et al, 2006). The research in this paper is set around understanding the linkage between the Indian textile industry with the Western markets of Europe and US, and the impact of the global downturn and financial

The Effect of Television on the American Culture Essay Example for Free

The Effect of Television on the American Culture Essay The television has positioned various issues pertaining to the lives of the general public in a number of ways. Undoubtedly, views and opinions of the public may be easily controlled and influenced through content of various commodities of television. People opinions may perhaps form by their views on certain subjects. Starting slightly beyond infanthood, children learn to engage in, duplicate, and imitate the accessories and fashions from movies, sitcoms, commercials, and television. Additionally, apart from producing awareness for adults, television activates certain images of ideas and factors into the minds of children. For example, television stereotype groups, in which various movies and sitcoms display how model youths act in educational institutions and individuals with turbans and beards must be terrorists. Stereotypes embed in the minds of children, and they become persuaded to pursue them in real life. Furthermore, celebrities accepting characters with nudity and cussing, creating the opinion of children and adults that it is acceptable to compromise roles and broadcast Christ. The Bible says, â€Å"And do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind, that you may prove what is that good and acceptable and perfect will of God.† Television is significant to the media. Currently, television inundated a massive amount of communication that has an enormous effect in the lives of American culture. The American culture has a vast amount of information through television; it becomes very difficult to distinguish between right and wrong, or to decipher vital information from true and false. It is apparent that television has significant effect on young people, and these days practically all of them have access to television because of easy accessibility and it presents the highest degree of simulation. Visually being simulated inclines that television has an assorted kind of effect on attitudes and lives of people. It is debatable what people watch on television might shape their attitudes and behaviors that individuals holds in contradiction of or in favor of numerous issues. Such as, a television  show continuously showing youth wearing fashionable clothes with makeup, clearly, a youth that keep viewing the same ideas, views and images imposed on them by the associated media like internet and magazines, it is possible that they will begin to believe and accept similar ideas. Similarly, television may work in creating a variation of stereotypes, for instance, in high school, popular girls that are fashionable and rich, these girls become embedded in the minds of youn g girls as they are viewing television and its’ likeness. As a result, such images cause young individuals to shape certain stereotypes, attitudes, notions and ideas towards events and people surrounding them through showing what the intellect desires them to view, in which, unsurprisingly reality does not exist. We are to, â€Å"Therefore be imitators of God as dear children.† Still, television has created stereotypes from diverse cultural and social backgrounds. Such programs produces a sense of how an individual represent themselves, how an individuals’ impression in relation to ethnicity, gender and nationality they belong to or about their sexual orientation on themselves and others. Perhaps, the most significant misconception that a person may obtain from television is the description of other ethnicity or customs, which creates confusion and wrong assumptions in the mind of a child concerning people who belong to specified cultures. Studies have confirmed that television is a key influence on how to think, behave, feel, fear and believe of individuals from other ethnicities. For instance, most of action television programs present a female in distress and a male occurs to save her most times. This refers to a typical gender stereotyping, where the female portrayed as the weaker gender or sex always require rescue from a male for protection. Young people learn to respond to different ethnic groups from the knowledge attained via television programs. Such as, television programs on several occasions have depicted African Americans as generally proficient and skillful sport players. Whenever people view people playing sports, assumptions are that African American athletes are better performers than Caucasians. Above views does not assert that excellent quality cannot originate from television. A range of television programs disseminate and provide youth with massive meaningful information, for instance documentary films on National Geographic and Discovery channels pertaining to diverse events and issues in the lives of people. This positive side of television  shows, usage is a responsible, factual, and focused methodology. Society has the insight in evaluating the facts provided. These are popular television shows, which incorporate world stimulated views and opinions into the minds of people. Educational programs provide a unique amount of facts and information on diverse cultures across the world, and are beneficial in enhancing knowledge and eradicating the misconception about cultures and diverse people. In conclusion, television possibly has several significant effects on the lives of American people, for example the influence of attitude and belief of people, especially young people. Children watch television programs that could create a positive or negative impact on their minds concerning certain opinions and views. Worldwide, youth should be informed and aware of the different viewpoints that penetrate television programs, as well as implications on the different divides and cultures of society. It is apparent that television programs significantly influence the lives of people, especially children. Television programs may possibly shape opinions and views of youth in any direction, because children distinguish directly what is seen on television programs. Programs based on facts and reality may help young people comprehend society in a good manner that eventually directs them to progress. Horror television programs may have a negative influence on development of a child, which could result in long-term anxiety and fear. Altogether, these influences have a major impact on the learning and developments of children, the role of children are the future of all nations. The Bible says to, â€Å"Train up a child in the way he should go, [a]nd when he is old he will not depart from it.†