Social Stratification - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1163 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/09/15 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? Q1A. The question of the inevitability of social stratification is one of the fundamental bases of the theories of Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore. Davis and Moore (1945) argue that as long as there is division of labor in the society, and that there are variability in the roles with varying degrees of importance, stratification will occur. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Social Stratification" essay for you Create order There is a significant difference in the wages of CEO’s and a minimum wage earner because according to the theory, there is a functional necessity of providing different rewards for different positions in the society in accordance to an individual’s abilities. Because not everyone is qualified for specific positions or roles set by the society, there is a need to fill them by making sure that the right people are motivated enough to find ways by which they can fill these certain positions. The theory established by Davis and Moore shows that social stratification, aside from being inevitable, is highly functional in nature. Stratification is an instrument that the society utilizes to attract the right people for the right roles set by the society. The situation regarding the increasing wage gap between the CEO and the minimum wage earners can be explained by the functional needs to get the right people motivated to do to right job through stratification. Q1B. There is empirical evidence showing that women earn significantly less than men. Davis and Moore would probably look at this situation emphasizing that gender is a central aspect in the social stratification. It is functional in a sense that men are physically more competent than women, and therefore giving them more incentives to perform these positions would result to the improvement of productivity. Society has set different roles for different genders and usually, the roles that are assigned to women are those that would allow them in work inside the house taking care of children for instance. Though this may also be considered as a full time job, there is no monetary equivalence to this kind of occupation. In contrast to this, men are expected to earn the income for their family to continue subsistence. The main function of inequality is due to the very fact that not all roles in the society have the same extent of difficulty. Because there is a societal notion that the responsibility assigned to men and women are not the same, social stratification according to gender exists, hence the difference in wage rates. Q2A Melvin Tulmin made a response to the theory created by Davis and Moore. He claims that there are several loopholes that the functional theories of Davis and Moore were not able to address, such defining the term â€Å"functionally important†. The situation involving the wage gap between the CEO and the minimum wage earner can be explained by Tulmin’s criticism to the theories of the previous sociologists. For Tulmin, the system of social stratification does not function as the motivating force to attract the right people to the right positions but to force the acceptance of ideologies that govern the society. The increasing gap between the earnings of the CEO and the minimum wage earners can be explained by the fact that there is indeed an existing barrier between the two types of people mentioned above. This would lead the society to accept the ideology that the former is indeed superior as compared to the latter. Social stratification systems functions to maintain the status quo in the society. Because of the existing social stratification, a large segment of the society are not even given the opportunity to undergo the training so the selective function of social stratification systems as argued by Davis and Moore is defeated. Q2B In the points of criticism of Tulmin out against the functional theory of Davis and Moore, it was highlighted that systems of social stratification has the function to regulate the discovery of the full potential of talents available in the society. In this case, we can say that the women are not given enough opportunities as compared to their male counterparts because of the limited resources that are provided to them, which would lead the society to accept the ideology that women are certainly inferior to men. Social stratification systems serve as a tool to distribute positive self images of individual in the certain category concerned. The wage gap between male and female could be explained by Tulmin’s thesis that â€Å"Social stratification systems function to provide the elite with the political power necessary to procure acceptance and dominance of an ideology which rationalizes the status quo, whatever it may be, as logical, natural and morally right. (Tulmin, 1953) This means that there is a prevailing status quo that has to be preserved in order for the society to function according to preference of the dominant stratum, which in this case is the male. Q3A Karl Marx is one of the most influential political thinkers of the nineteenth century, who claimed that exploitation is an inherent characteristic of the capitalist system. If he were to look at the situation involving the CEO and the minimum wage earners, he would probably conclude that this phenomenon is brought about b y the capitalist society prevailing the United States. He would associate the CEO to the â€Å"bourgeoisie,† the class who own the means of production, while the minimum wage earners are the â€Å"proletariat† the group of individuals who sell their labor but do not possess the means of production. In a capitalist system, profit is earned by paying the workers less than the full value of their output. The identity of each social class is a function of their contribution to the means of production. In each social class, there exists an ideology and consciousness among the members of the society that is shaped by the material conditions and their relationship to the means of production. Using Karl Marx’s theory, we can conclude that this situation is an effect of the capitalist system. Q3B The difference in the wage earned by male and female represents a power relation between the genders favoring the former. Women are oppressed in the society due to the notion of private property which then leads to economic inequality, and ultimately social relations between the two genders. The capitalist system prevails in a patriarchal society. According to a socialist Azizah Al-Hibri, capitalism is an advanced form of patriarchy. Roberts, 1998) In this Marxist-Feminist point of view, we can conclude that the significant difference between the wages of men and women is a tool for the patriarchal society to stay in power, since social classes is ultimately defined by its material conditions. Gender inequality exists because it serves the interest of the capital or the ruling class. Reference List Rhonda F. Levine, ed. (1998) Social Class and Stratification: Classical Stat ements and Theoretical Debates. New York: Rowman and Littlefield Roberts, Carey. (1998) Karl Marx and the Gender Wage Gap. Retrieved June 21, 2008 from iFeminist. com. Available online at:

Relationship Between Homeostasis Maintenance And The Body...

In this assignment I will be discussing homeostatic principals and discussing the relationship between homeostasis maintenance specifically physiologic growth and the body and how homeostatic challenges are expressed in the body. Homeostasis refers to metabolic balance maintained by several processes. The human body has several examples of homeostasis. Homeostasis is maintained within the body by a complex series of organs and organ systems, they work together to keep the body functioning correctly, when the equilibrium within the body is maintained, homeostasis occurs, the body maintains a steady internal environment for proper functioning. There 2 feedback loops positive and negative positive feedback, almost all homeostatic control†¦show more content†¦Insulin reduces glucose concentration, while cortisol and catecholamine and glucagon increase glucose concentration. The bones and teeth contain 99 %of the calcium in the body, the other 1% circulates in the blood. Too much calcium in the blood and too little calcium in the blood both have negative effects. If blood calcium levels decrease too much, the parathyroid glands activate their calcium-sensing receptors and release parathyroid hormone. PTH signals the bones to release calcium to increase the amount of calcium in the bloodstream. If calcium levels increase too much, the thyroid gland releases calcitonin and fixes more calcium in the bones. This decreases the amount of calcium in the blood. The body has to maintain a constant internal environment, which means it must regulate the loss and gain of fluid. Hormones help to regulate this balance by causing the excretion or retention of fluid. If the body does not have enough fluid, antidiuretic hormone signals the kidneys to retain fluid and decrease urine output. If the body has too much fluid, it suppresses aldosterone and signals the excretion of more urine. Another one of the most common examples of homeostasis in humans is the regulation of body temperature. Normal body temperature is 37 degrees C or. Temperatures high above or below these normal levels cause serious complications. Muscle failure occurs at a temperature of 28 degrees C. At 33 degrees C, loss ofShow MoreRelatedEssay on Understanding Change15189 Words   |  61 Pagesknowledge and practice of organizational change are influenced by assumptions derived from the models or perspectives we use. For example, if we regard change as a matter of systemic structural arrangements we can make in an organization, then we can see how the analogy of organism or biological system helps to inform our judgements. Because perspectives offer ways of seeing, they will inevitably organize our perception in line with the dominant analogy used. However, analogies are only partial knowledge

Increasing Prevalence Of Class Action Waivers - 1166 Words

This part of the Note provides a background of the increasing prevalence of class action waivers in arbitration. The first challenge towards them, as explained below, involved the California state contract law doctrine of unconscionability. Nonetheless, the Supreme Court eventually struck down this argument but the decision eventually sparked the now controversial circuit split which has led to the Supreme Court granting certiorari to grant clarity on the issue of class action arbitration waivers. A. The Unconscionability Doctrine and the State Court Challenges Arising Out of California Before the current developments, class action waivers in arbitration agreements came under fire through state law and the unconscionability doctrine.†¦show more content†¦In June, 2010, the Supreme Court issued an opinion which provided â€Å"a party may not be compelled under the FAA to submit to class arbitration unless there is a contractual basis for concluding that the party agreed to do so.† This case served as a precursor for the eventual maiming of the unconscionability doctrine as applied to class action waivers in arbitration. Ten months later in April, 2011, the Supreme Court released an opinion directed at the issue of unconscionability law in ATT Mobility, LLC. V. Concepcion. Although Concepcion involved a consumer claim, this decision struck down state unconscionability challenges under two separate factors. First, the Supreme Court reasoned that the Ninth Circuit and California Supreme Court implemented a process in Gentry and Discover which disfavored arbitration because it went above and beyond the state law rules of contract interpretation, therefore making the process unenforceable. Second, the Court determined the California Supreme Court, which determined class action waivers were unenforceable due to unconscionability, interfered with the purpose of the FAA to avoid judicial hostility towards arbitration and to promote arbitration in accordance with the parties’ agreements. In conclusion, the Supreme Court specifically explained the â€Å"point of affording parties discretion in desi gning arbitration processes is to allow for efficient, streamlined procedures tailored to the type ofShow MoreRelatedMedicare Policy Analysis447966 Words   |  1792 Pages 259. 260. 261. 262. 263. Relation to other requirements. Prohibiting discrimination in health care. Whistleblower protection. Construction regarding collective bargaining. Severability. Treatment of Hawaii Prepaid Health Care Act. Actions by State attorneys general. Application of State and Federal laws regarding abortion. Nondiscrimination on abortion and respect for rights of conscience. Authority of Federal Trade Commission. Construction regarding standard of care. RestoringRead More103340399 TATA Nano Target Costing9564 Words   |  39 Pagesproduct development team is then given the responsibility of designing the product so that it can be made for no more than the target cost. In case of Tata nano the company decided on manufacturing a car that would be affordable for the lower segment class of the Indian population. It basically aimed at families with two wheelers and thus came down to engineering a car that would be sold for just a lakh. Then the target cost was exacted to about Rs 65000 per unit. A number of steps were taken to ensureRead MoreEssay about Agency Problem26370 Words   |  106 PagesG.A. Karolyi / Emerging Markets Review 13 (2012) 516–547 motivation for cross-border listing, inspired by Stapleton and Subrahmanyam (1977), Errunza and Losq (1985), Eun and Janakiramanan (1986), Alexander et al. (1987), which argued that the action taken by management seeks to overcome regulatory restrictions, costs and information problems that deï ¬ ne barriers to cross-border equity investing. Cross-listing shares across markets that would be otherwise â€Å"segmented† by such barriers opens theRead MoreNpa in Banks17095 Words   |  69 Pagesin the context of the type of lending being done. Some banks lend to higher risk customers than others and therefore tend to have a higher proportion of non-performing debt, but will make up for this by charging borrowers higher interest rates, increasing spreads. 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Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesDiversity from Around the Globe 54 Point/Counterpoint Men Have More Mathematical Ability Than Women 61 Questions for Review 62 Experiential Exercise Feeling Excluded 62 Ethical Dilemma Board Quotas 62 Case Incident 1 The Flynn Effect 63 Case Incident 2 Increasing Age Diversity in the Workplace 64 3 Attitudes and Job Satisfaction 69 Attitudes 70 What Are the Main Components of Attitudes? 70 †¢ Does Behavior Always Follow from Attitudes? 71 †¢ What Are the Major Job Attitudes? 73 Job Satisfaction

Child Abuse Is A Worldwide Problem - 2002 Words

Child abuse is defined as maltreatment or neglect of a child by a parent or other caregiver that results in potential or actual harm or threats of harm to a child. Child abuse encompasses both acts of commission and omission. The former being abuse, and the latter being neglect (Anim, 2014). Child abuse is divided into four types, first is physical abuse such as hitting, kicking, shaking, or burning; sexual abuse; emotional abuse and lastly neglect, which involves the failure to meet a child’s basic physical, emotional, or educational needs or the failure to supervise the child in a way that ensures safety (Crisp Lister, 2009). Child abuse is a worldwide problem that is occurring with increasing frequency. It affects all ages, genders, races, ethnicities, and socioeconomic groups (Howard Brooks-Gunn, 2009). In Australia the number of children reported to child protective services for being at risk of abuse has more than doubled over the last 5 years. Although these figures demonstrate the rising rates of child abuse within Australia, many cases are still remaining undetected and unreported (Kodner Wetherton, 2013). Child abuse is also the third leading cause of death in children between one and five years of age. It is a significant problem that often goes unrecognised until severe injury or death has occurred (Crisp Lister, 2009). Detecting cases of child abuse can be challenging as it can often be extremely difficult for the clinician to differentiate betweenShow MoreRelatedChild Abuse Is A Worldwide Problem1037 Words   |  5 Pagesafraid to go home because of what awaits. Child abuse is a worldwide problem and it doesn’t matter what age, religion, gender, or ethnicity you are, it happens everywhere. It is neglecting, emotional, physical, and sexual maltreatment. Child abuse has serious physical and psychological consequences which affect the health and overall well-being of a child. There are different forms of maltreatment, abuse can result in bad consequences, check for signs of abuse, the statistics, and how people can helpRead MoreChild Abuse Is A Worldwide Problem1509 Words   |  7 PagesChild abuse is a worldwide problem. According to the Journal of Child Abuse and Neglect, it is interpreted as any recent act of failure to act the part of a parent or caretaker which results in death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse or exploitation, which is an action or the failure to act which presents an imminent risk of serious harm. Abuse comes in many forms such as: emotional, physical, sexual, verbal and neglect. Neglect is the failure to care properly; It has been provenRead MoreChild Abuse Is A Worldwide Problem2453 Words   |  10 PagesChild abuse is a worldwide problem needing to be solved. 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Anybody can be a victim or the abuser. This can happen to any child, man or woman. This is a horrific crime. Women are more likely to be the victim in domestic violence than men. â€Å"Forty-five percent of all violent attacks agains t female victimsRead MoreLooking at Types of Child Abuse1768 Words   |  7 Pages† This quote is from Dave Pelzer’s novel, A Child Called â€Å"It†. This quote is referring to, the idea that a child should feel like he/ she could do anything in their childhood, without worrying about any problems going on in the world or in his/her parents lives. Child abuse has been happening worldwide for many years and still is. For this reason, the desire to prevent this issue can be realized through the aid of organizations such as CAPA (Child Abuse Prevention Association) as well as through theRead MoreThe Legal Repercussions Of Child Abuse1112 Words   |  5 PagesChild abuse. 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Family and Grandma - 788 Words

On behalf of the family, I want to thank everyone for coming today to remember by Grandmother, Ruth Cline. It really means a lot to all of us that you are here to celebrate her life. When I was asked to give the eulogy for my grandma s funeral, I said oh yes, sure. I would be happy to. But after I thought about it for a bit I panicked! I thought what should I say, where do I begin;What should people know; whats most important, I went to bed stressing about writing something special. When I finally sat down the next day to write about grandma, I thought and thought. I wrote and scratched and threw out paper after paper. I wanted to include so many things that my mind was scattered in every direction. I wanted so much to make sure it†¦show more content†¦Ginger and I sat back and giggled as we watch them go round and round. She loved dinner out, good friends and fun conversation. We enjoyed many fun trips to San Francisco for a big night out in the city for dinner when I was a teenager. Grandma enjoyed parties whether it was a birthday celebration or anniversary party. She enjoyed the atmosphere,t the people, and the food. I can hear her saying those were good eats and we sure had a good time. Grandma had spunk. She enjoyed getting out and doing things. She kept active and had a lot of energy. When I was younger, I remember grandma in front of the tv with her kitchen chair doing leg lifts with Jack La lane. My grandma was so many things. I have many great memories of her. I see moments in time, snapshots in my memory of all the great times we spent together. I see now as I am older and can really appreciate what a fantastic couple my grandparents were. They were married for 52 years before my grandpa passed away in 1992. They truly loved each other. They enjoyed there time together and it always showed. They still held hand when they walked together, they joked with each other, and truly enjoyed each others company. My grandpa would hug and kiss my grandma and my grandma would always smile. They did everything together; they were each others best friend. My grandparents are a great example of a loving marriageShow MoreRelatedThe Downfal of Women in Good Man Is Hard To Find by Singer1027 Words   |  4 PagesBashevis Singer in which a family meets an execution death by an outlaw. The story focuses around the Grandma in the story who is completely self-absorbed who, for example, prefers to think about her appearance then the possible deaths of her family and herself: â€Å"(while driving in a car with her family) In case of an acc ident, anyone seeing her (the Grandma) dead on the highway would know at once that she was a lady† (194). Through a character dissection of the Grandma in regards to her relationsRead MoreFamily Structure And Family Values Essay1505 Words   |  7 PagesOver the years, family structure and a families morals and values has changed drastically from generation to generation. From a families core values to women not working in the workforce to women making up a good chunk of our current workforce, to even the norms of dating and the roles of religion and culture in a family. times now are significantly different than they use to be. With technology a new driving force interfering with families and the world altogether, their have been many adaptationsRead MoreA Good Man Is Hard To Find Reflection986 Words   |  4 Pagesclear that everybody’s guilty of something. The family is about to embark on a vacation with Grandma who had already been complaining that she wanted to go to Tennessee, instead of Florida. She tried to convince her son, Bailey that they should go to Tennessee using the story of an escaped convict in the area to push the issue. Grandma does not get her way, except for being allowed to bring the cat. All the while, the family begins their drive. Grandma tells stories to the kids about the â€Å"good ol’Read MoreAnalysis Of Grandma Emma s Grandma 1112 Words   |  5 PagesThe majority of grandkids consider their grandma a loving figure. Grandma always has the cookies ready for holiday homecomings, she gives kisses and hugs when the grandkids hop out of the car onto the doorstep, and she provides relaxation for the parents. On the other hand, a few Grandmas work their magic a little differently. My grandma, Emma Brunswig, grew up in tough times. Emma’s mother passed away just after Emma’s ninth birthday, causing her to stand as the mother figure for her five youngerRead MoreDeconstruction of The Jade Peony Essay 703 Words   |  3 PagesChoy is about a Chinese immigrant family struggling to adapt to their new unfamiliar lifestyle in Vancouver. As the older children begin to neglect Chinese customs and become accustomed to the Canadian culture, 8 years old Sek-Lung is the only child interested in Grandma’s traditional customs. Sek-Lung accompanies Grandma as looks for abandoned fragments of glass and metal to finish her precious wind chime before she passes. As Sek-Lung spends time bonding with Grandma, she also reveals her past andRead MoreHow My Family Changed The United States1605 Words   |  7 PagesI never truly thought about how my family had come to the United States. I assumed someone in my family, long ago, had decided that they wanted better for themselves and their family and had decided to come to the United States. It did not become a big deal for me until I found out that those people, who wanted better for themselves and their family, were my grandmother and grandfat her. Up until then, I always took my citizenship for granted. I believed that being born in America was one of my naturalRead MoreLost in Yonkers Summary1255 Words   |  6 PagesLost in Yonkers is set in 1942 Yonkers, New York, in the living room in Grandma Kurnitz s upstairs apartment. 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Differences Between Rock and Pop Music Essay Example For Students

Differences Between Rock and Pop Music Essay According to the Merriam Webster website, music is the science or art of ordering tones or sounds in succession, in combination, and in temporal relationships to produce a composition having unity and continuity. Music has many genres to choose from and to fit to all musical tastes. Music, being part of everyone, lives independently of culture, religion or nationality, and is a universal language. Music has the power to take you to the past and make you remember past situations or someone special. Two of the biggest musical categories in today’s world are rock and pop. Those styles of music use the same instrumentation, the number of musicians on stage are similar, and so is the energy that they use to perform to their fans. However, they are different in many aspects and tendencies. How the lyrics are made, how long the music of the two styles of the bands last and how the bands appear and start their success are some differences between these two genres of music. Rock and pop have similarities that make the music confused between each others styles. Rock and pop bands use the same amount of instrumentation on stage, which is usually two guitars, one set of drums, and one bass guitar. Another similarity is the number of musicians on stage which includes: vocals, guitar players, bass player, drum player, and back vocals. The last similarity is the way both style bands perform. Both styles perform with a strong stage presence, being very active on stage. Some examples of bands that are pop bands and are confused as rock bands are: ‘N Sync, Backstreet Boys, and Justin Bieber. While there are similarities between the two genres, there are also many differences. First major difference between rock and pop genre bands are the way they make their music. Most of the Rock bands write their songs about anything they care about with no censure. Rock songs talk about love, emotions, sex, drugs, life, death, or suicide and the songs have a deep meaning for the musician who wrote and for the public, who relate the music with their own lives. A good rock song last forever, and it has been played on radio stations for years. On the other hand, pop songs usually are made for record companies or someone writes silly songs and then the bands or the record companies buy it to make a profit with a song that goes to the top of the billboards for two or three months and then disappears in the same way that it appeared. Pop songs talk about a crush or something with no importance. Pop songs are seasonal, while rock songs last forever. The second major difference is how long the bands of the rock and pop genres last and make their success. Rock bands make songs to last generations. Led Zeppelin, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Beatles, Nirvana, and The Doors are some of the bands whose songs are played every day. Rock bands never die and contaminate every generation on their path. Pop bands are made to produce profit and for temporary success. A pop band lasts three to four years and then disappears without notice. Pop artists are made in studios and with an image set up to attract a target public. A pop artist sometimes doesnt even sing well, but has a pretty face and dances well, attracting fans and money. It is hard to think of a pop band that makes great success and stays on the top for a long period of time. .u0e3a694fcb679212c2ad32c9e7fdcb9e , .u0e3a694fcb679212c2ad32c9e7fdcb9e .postImageUrl , .u0e3a694fcb679212c2ad32c9e7fdcb9e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0e3a694fcb679212c2ad32c9e7fdcb9e , .u0e3a694fcb679212c2ad32c9e7fdcb9e:hover , .u0e3a694fcb679212c2ad32c9e7fdcb9e:visited , .u0e3a694fcb679212c2ad32c9e7fdcb9e:active { border:0!important; } .u0e3a694fcb679212c2ad32c9e7fdcb9e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0e3a694fcb679212c2ad32c9e7fdcb9e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0e3a694fcb679212c2ad32c9e7fdcb9e:active , .u0e3a694fcb679212c2ad32c9e7fdcb9e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0e3a694fcb679212c2ad32c9e7fdcb9e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0e3a694fcb679212c2ad32c9e7fdcb9e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0e3a694fcb679212c2ad32c9e7fdcb9e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0e3a694fcb679212c2ad32c9e7fdcb9e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0e3a694fcb679212c2ad32c9e7fdcb9e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0e3a694fcb679212c2ad32c9e7fdcb9e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0e3a694fcb679212c2ad32c9e7fdcb9e .u0e3a694fcb679212c2ad32c9e7fdcb9e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0e3a694fcb679212c2ad32c9e7fdcb9e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Music Essay SummaryFor a pop band, five years is considered a really long career. The last but not least difference is how the rock and pop bands are created and start their success. Rock bands usually have a tough path to their success, starting in a garage and playing in the local bars and in small band competitions. They gain fans along on the way, making them famous in a geographic area then going national. On the other hand, pop bands start their success with paid spaces on the radio time and targeting young fans. A pop band starts their success in the top of the billboards, decreases in success and then disappears. The record companies choose what fashion is at the time and launch a product set to be extinct soon. In conclusion, rock and pop have more differences than similarities. The number of people on stage, how they perform on stage, the kind of instruments played and the speed of music is very similar in the two styles, but how the lyrics are made, how long the music of the two styles of the bands last and how the bands appear and start their success are the differences. It is good to hear good music independently of genre, but it is always good to sit and hear an old and good rock and roll song.

Effects of Antenatal Exercise Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Effects of Antenatal Exercise on Pregnant Women. Answer: Introduction It is common for every woman to face various complexities during the time of the pregnancy and can have permanent damage to the body of the women. The weight of the foetus can have excessive pressures on the pelvic region of the women and can result in the muscle cramp and also have poor movement in the circulation of the blood there by causing varicose of the vein along with oedema. Hence, in order to prevent the damage of the pelvic muscle and bone, it is essential for every pregnant woman to follow certain strict schedule of physical activities and exercise, which can help to deal with all the complexities in the pelvic region of the pregnant individual. The pelvic anatomy forms a major part of the physiology of the human. There are many previously conducted research work that are done in evaluating the value of the antenatal exercises in the context of the pregnant mother. The current research work aims to critically evaluate the effects of the antenatal exercises that can have positive effects on the health condition of the women, who is expected to become mother. The relevant current literature about the positive effects of antenatal exercises is discussed, which is followed by proposed methods and data analysis that needs to be applied for the research work. Background and Literature review The aim of the current section is to discuss all the relevant literature that is needed in the context of the research work. The effect of an antenatal physical exercise on the obese and overweight pregnant women Nascimento et al. (2011) have mentioned about the concerns that are related with the total rise in the number of obese and overweight patients that is responsible for causing extra physical complexities during the time of pregnancy. According to the parameters of the World Health Organization the level of obesity among an individual can be measured with the help of Body mass index ratio, where anything above 30 kg per square meter is considered to be in the mode of obesity. Dodd et al. (2010) have added in the context that obesity during the time of pregnancy can have extra risks to both the condition of the women and also upon the unborn foetus. Due to the fact of the growing baby and the weight is causing extra pressure on the pelvic region of the mother, it is important in this condition to have the extra cautious. There is also high level of complicacy during the time of delivery of the baby for the fact that the growth of the foetus do not occurs normally due to the excess amount of fats that are present in the pelvic region of the uterus of the mother. The complexity can be associated with the gastrointestinal development can cause diabetes mellitus. The problems of obesity within the mother can have complications in the newly developed baby and can cause metabolic syndrome and macro dome. There can be also high level of complications in the brain development of the child that can cause weak memory and poor cognitive development. According to Oteng-Ntim et al. (2012), it is important in the context that there are no such proper treatment techniques that can help the developing mother to overcome these health challenges after the delivery of the baby is complete. Hence, it is important for the mother to adopt regular exercises that can them to minimize the adverse effects that are caused upon the children. Among all the intervention methods, it can be said that the physical exercise is the best way to resolve the issues related to the overweight and obesity. Choi et al. (2013) have also recommended about the importance of the change of the lifestyle that can help to deal with all the issues related to obesity and overweight during the time of pregnancy. Physical Exercise during Pregnancy According to the findings of Thangaratinam et al. (2012), the women, who are physically more active during the time of pregnancy has the chance of having more healthy baby. On the other hand, Quinlivan et al. (2011) have highlighted about the fact that it is important for the expected mother to pay extra attention and take necessary precautions while doing excursive during the time of pregnancy as there are risks of causing permanent damage to the foetus and cause permanent damage to the brain development. Light excursive are the one that needs to be adopted that do not cause much exhaustion. Providing accurate and correct information about the physical exercise related the development and various times of pregnancy is one of the most important aspects in the given case. The Antenatal care is one of the most effective forms of physical exercise advice care that is needed for the pregnant women. These types of exercise can have the most effective positive effects on the physical health on the pregnant ladies as it causes relaxation to the pelvic region of the women and help them to relax the pressure that is caused due to the weight of the growing child (Sui et al. 2012). The women who have low bone mineral density however, gas the risk that is caused due to the fact that they do not have the intensity to bear the weight of the growing child. The women, who have been suffering from the obesity and overweight problems also, may face challenge to practice the antenatal exercise as they have the risks that can further damage the pelvic bones of the individual. The home based intervention that can have the effects of the physical exercise, which can have relaxing attitude towards every pregnant woman. As it is not possible for the women to travel to any locations, it is important for them in the context to provide home based physical inversions that is need for their situation. The level and the intensity of the physical exercise will also depends on the stage of the frequency as due to the growing size of the baby, it is not possible for the mother to move freely and perform the physical activity movement. Effects of Physical activities by the pregnant women According to the guidelines of the American College of Obstetrician and Guidelines, it is recommended for the every physically fit pregnant woman to regularly have the habit of physical exercise, which will help them to maintain both physical and mental well-being. During the period of pregnancy, it is common for every women to have mood swings disorders as it is a unique period of every womens life due to the fact that the level of various hormones are highly altered, which is needed to take care of the needs of the developing foetus. The negative emotional thoughts can have serious effects on the mental behaviour of the women. With the help of the physical exercise on regular levels, it is possible to deal with the ideas of the mental health issues within women (Renault et al. 2014). The psychological and mental well-being of the individual during the time of pregnancy is essential to avoid all forms of complications and also ensure good health of the children. With the help of the antenatal exercises it is possible to deal with all the major mental and psychological challenges of the pregnant woman. The psychological conditions of the women also depends on the stage of the pregnancy and thus the level of antenatal exercises that needs to be practiced also depends on the types of exact psychological stage of the women. Hence, one of the main advantages of the antenatal exercises is that it can be applied at every stage of the pregnancy according to the needs and the demand of the pregnant lady. Moreover, due to the fact that the antenatal exercises has not been shown to have any side-effects, it is one of the most scientifically proven ways to deal with the all levels of complications that are associated during the time of pregnancy. It is also evident for the fa cts that regular practice of the antenatal exercises can also improve upon the physical health condition of the women. Pelvic floor exercises during pregnancy It is the duty of all pregnant ladies to deal with all the consequences of the complications that is common during the time of pregnancy. According to Al Mamun et al. (2014), there is huge pressure that is exerted on the pelvic muscle that can sustain the weight of the growing baby. All the pelvic organs are well supported with the help of the pelvic muscle that has the duty to deal with the consequence of the extra pressure during the time of pregnancy. The pelvic floor muscles are the main composition of the pelvic joints that has the ability to support the weight of the growing baby. The pelvic floor muscle stretches like a muscular trampoline from the area of tailbone till the public bone. The practice of the antenatal exercises is proved to be the best ways to deal with the healthy pelvic muscle for the pregnant lady that can ensure that growth rate of the foetus occurs properly and there are no complications in the overall process. Problem Statement and Research questions The problem for this research is the complications that are faced by the women during the time of pregnancy due to excessive pressure in the pelvic muscle. What are the effects and importance of physical exercises on the pregnant lady? What are the effects of the antenatal exercises that can have positive effects on the health status of both mother and her unborn child? What are risks that are associated with the antenatal exercises that harm the health of both mother and her unborn child? Methodology The aim of the methodology section is to highlight the methods and the techniques that are used to conduct the resect work and also highlight the importance of research techniques that are being applied in the given research work. In this particular research work, the investigators will use certain fixed Research Design that is perfect for the analysis of the given research work. The methodology section also includes the data collection and data analysis portion which is applied to evaluate the importance of antenatal exercise for pregnant women. Research Design The design of the research has to be selected on the basis of knowledge and information that are available with the researcher. In general the researchers usually have six types of Research Design that can we use to conduct any academic work. The Research Design provides the overall strategy and techniques that needs to be integrated for applying in the practical research work. It is also important to apply coherent and logical ways to actively address the issues related to the research work. The overall blueprint of the research along with data collection techniques needs to be incorporated within the Research Design section. Lady search design also decides the data collection techniques and also analysis. The type of Research Design depends on the area of the subject of the research and also the research problem. The type of the Research Design applied also depends on the amount of data and information available in the particular domain of research work. Bauer (2014) has mentioned about the descriptive Research Design where various techniques are used to collect data and also make proper analysis. In this case the data are collected from observational techniques which help in the in-depth analysis of the research area. This type of Research Design is mainly used in analysis and also to deal with the data that are available from the case study. There is also the semi experimental Research Design that is used for research work related to field experiment and details scientific work. In this case the data collected from the field work using various scientific techniques and observational methods. The experimental Research Design on the other hand is based on examining random assignment that is related to the subject area of research. Literature review technique of Research Design is used in systematic review in order to collect data from previously conducted research work. In this technique the data that are collected in the previous be conducted research work is analysed and critically evaluated in order to make accurate conclusion for the research work. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of antenatal exercise for pregnant women in order to strengthen their pelvic floor muscle there are two types of Research Design that is being applied. With the help of systemic review it will be possible for the researcher to critically evaluate the previously conducted research work related to the exercise of women that is done during the time of pregnancy. With the help of Semi experimental research design techniques, it is possible to collect data from the pregnant women and get proper idea about the effectiveness of antenatal exercise. Research philosophy Lushey and Munro (2015) have mentioned about the importance of research philosophy in the context of relevant knowledge that are being applied in the research work. The positivism research philosophy helps to relate the collected data about the research topic along with previously use data. There is also the realism philosophy which uses general data of human perception to relate with the collected data of the research work. As the positivism philosophy is based on scientific evaluation methods and proper reliable Data Collection techniques, the current research work will use this philosophy in order to relate the data of the effects of different physical exercise on pregnant women. Research approach The two types of research approach that are mainly used by researchers include deductive and inductive approach. The Detective research approach uses general and specific modes in order to carry out and make conclusion about the research work. On the other hand inductive research approach uses new theories and models that can be applied to properly analyse the data (Bryman and Bell 2014). In the given case, both inductive and deductive mode of research approach is being applied in order to properly evaluate the effectiveness of physical exercise on pregnant women. Participants and Sampling the probability sampling techniques, the exact size of the sample is not fixed and the data is collected on random basis that are needed in the given case (Vaioleti 2016). On the other hand, in case of the non-probability sampling methods, the sample size is fixed from the beginning and the researcher will approach only the particular sample size in order to collect definite and fixed data. In the given research work the deserted village by non-probability sampling technique and will collect data only from 50 pregnant women and inquired them about their opinion regarding the physical exercises that are practiced during the time of pregnancy. The researchers will also select pregnant women at various stages of the pregnancy which will help them to better understand the effectiveness of physical exercise depending on particular stage of pregnancy. The researcher will also visit the Maternity ward unit obtain local hospitals in order to evaluate the condition and health status of new-born babies which will help them to evaluate the effect of physical exercise on the health of new-born babies. Data Collection Methods The collection of the data is the most important part of the research, which will help in the matters related to the data analysis and making suitable conclusion. There are 2 types of Data Collection techniques that can be used by the researchers. In primary data collection method information is directly collected from the sample size which includes by means of survey and interview (Silverman 2016). It is also important to select the questionnaires for the interview and survey. On the other hand the secondary data is collected from previously conducted research work of the same topic and relevant data from the past can pass be collected? In the current research for the researcher will collect both primary and secondary data which will help in the analysis of effects of antenatal exercise on the pelvic strengthening muscle of pregnant women. Data Analysis In the given research for work both quantitative and qualitative method of data analysis will be applied in order to properly evaluate the primary and secondary data that is collected from the pregnant women and also previously conducted research work. By proper application of data analysis techniques it will be possible for the research at to accurately predict the effects of antenatal exercise in pregnant women. Rigour The rigour of a research work ensure that only genuine and high quality data are being used for analysis and make conclusion on the research topic. In order to ensure that only scientific mode of data collected in the current research work the investigators have ensure proper data being collected from pregnant women who regularly practices antenatal exercise regularly by taking proper precautions and advice from physiotherapist. Ethical Issues The Ethics of the research work ensures that there are no unfair modes of research practice being applied to carry out the research work. In the current research work the investigators must ensure that proper care been taken off the pregnant women when collecting data from them and also ensure not to ask them any personal questions about their physical conditions. They also cannot import force upon any participants during the time they are denied of providing an answer Limitations The main limitation of the research work is that it is not possible for the investigators to collect detailed information about pregnant women as most of them will not be comfortable to share personal information. Hence, the research work and data analysis will have to be made with limited number of information. Conclusion The practice of the antenatal exercise is one of the best ways to ensure that the pelvic floor muscle of the pregnant women remains healthy. However, it is important to consider the fact that it is advisable to take help consultation from the psychotherapist, in order to practice any form of physical exercise during the time of pregnancy and also ensure that the health of both the mother and the unborn baby remains healthy. The current research work uses both primary and secondary data to evaluate the effects of the antenatal exercise on the pregnant women and also evaluate its effect on the pelvic floor muscle of the pregnant lady. Qualitative and quantitative data analysis research method is used in order to properly evaluate the collected data. Reference Al Mammon, A., Lawlor, D.A., Alati, R., O'callaghan, M.J., Williams, G.M. and Najman, J.M., 2006. Does maternal smoking during pregnancy have a direct effect on future offspring obesity? Evidence from a prospective birth cohort study. American journal of epidemiology, 164(4), pp.317-325. Bauer, G.R., 2014. 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